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A microorganism hydrolyzing carboxymethyl cellulose was isolated from a paddy field and identified as Bacillus sp. Production of cellulase by this bacterium was found to be optimal at pH 6.5, 37°C and 150 rpm of shaking. This cellulase was purified to homogeneity by the combination of ammonium sulphate precipitation, DEAE cellulose, and sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography. The cellulase was...
Integrons are associated with a variety of gene cassettes, which confer resistance to multiple classes of antibacterial drugs. In this study we tested the frequency of class 1 and 2 integrons among multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) clinical isolates. One hundred clinical isolates of A. baumannii were screened for carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons by PCR method. Results showed that...
In the context of the current demand to develop green technologies in material synthesis, a natural process in the synthesis of lead particles by Aspergillus species to suit such technology is reported. The fungal strain was grown in medium containing different concentrations of lead (0.2–1.5 mM) to determine its resistance to heavy metals. The organism was found to utilize some mechanism and accumulate...
We examined 12 pairs of strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from mixed infections in human for the presence of the Yersinia high-pathogenicity island (HPI). In one case both isolates carried the HPI, whereas in 11 cases one strain of the pair was HPI-positive. Although there were differences in the organization of the Yersinia HPI, all HPI-positive isolates were able to...
A bacterial community in activated sludge from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant was monitored throughout the year with the use of FISH, RISA and DGGE techniques. In the investigated range of temperatures (11.9–21.6°C), a rise in temperature resulted in a lower total bacteria richness, while organic load rate changes from 0.09 to 0.21 g COD·g TSS–1 · d–1 were positively correlated...
The phylogenetic significance of the diversity of key enzymes of methylotrophic and autotrophic metabolism is discussed. Primers for these key enzymes were designed using gene sequences encoding methanol dehydrogenase (mxaF; using subsets from database sequences for 22 Bacteria), hydroxypyruvate reductase (hpr; 36 sequences), methylamine dehydrogenase (mauA; 12 sequences), methanesulfonate monooxygenase...
The aim of the study was phenotypic and genotypic analysis of 132 S. aureus strains isolated from mastitis in eastern Poland in respect to their biofilm formation ability. The analysis of the size polymorphism of fragment X in the gene encoding protein A (spa) revealed high genetic differentiation of the analyzed group of isolates. The ability of biofilm formation by the isolates was tested using...
The clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection has been particularly associated with virulence genotypes. These genotypes are useful as molecular markers in the identification of patients that are infected and at high risk for developing more severe gastric pathologies. Our main objective was to determine the prevalence of virulence genotypes cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 of H.pylori, in patients...
In order to characterize mutations causing rifampicin and isoniazid resistance of M. tuberculosis in Syria, 69 rifampicin resistant (Rifr) and 72 isoniazid resistant (Inhr) isolates were screened for point mutations in hot spots of the rpoB, katG and inhA genes by DNA sequencing and real time PCR. Of 69 Rifr isolates, 62 (90%) had mutations in the rifampin resistance determining region (RRDR) of the...
One third of the earth’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but only 5–10% of the infected individuals develop active tuberculosis (TB) over their lifetime. The remaining 90–95% stay healthy and are called latently infected individuals. They are the biggest reservoir of the tubercle bacilli and identifying the cases of latent TB is a part of the global plan of TB control...
The association between Escherichia coli virulence factors and chronic intestinal disorders is mostly unknown. The presented study compared the distribution of virulence genes and phylogroups among E. coli isolated from chronic intestinal disorders such as Crohn’s disease and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with strains isolated from patients with acute diarrhea as a control group. The presence of...
A modified method of glutaraldeyde-osmium tetroxide fixation was adjusted to characterize the ultrastructure of Candida albicans pleomorphic forms, using phase-contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. &e discovered morphological criteria defining the individual morphotypes are discussed in terms of mycological and histopathological diagnostics of...
There have been no reports on the relationship between virulence genes and gastric diseases based on the same bacterial colonization density. Our results indicated that Helicobacter pylori virulence genes were more relevant than colonization density as a pathogenic mechanism of gastric diseases, which helps elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of bacteria and aids in the development of improved strategies...
Due to the alarming spread of resistance to classic antimicrobial agents, innovative therapeutic methods to combat antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens are urgently required. This minireview examines the enhancement of antibiotic efficacy by their combination with new antimicrobials, such as plant-derived compounds, metal ions and nanoparticles and bacteriophage lytic enzymes. The mechanisms of...
Q fever is an infectious zoonotic disease characterized by sudden fever, headache, and atypical pneumonia, caused by Coxiella burnetii – an obligatory intracellular parasite. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the genes sequences, the classification was changed and C. burnetii species was included to the gamma subgroup of the proteobacteria, Legionellales order and Coxiellaceae family. This analysis...
The study on antagonistic mechanism of biocontrol strains gives the premise and basis for efficient and stable biological control. This study aimes to overcome of biocontrol agent in aspects of complicated and diversified mode of action, short-lasting and unstable efficacy in the production processes. This study elucidated the antagonistic mechanism of Bacillus cereus strain B-02 on Botrytis cinerea...
Reliability of the Widal tube agglutination test has been the subject of many controversies over the years. !is study was performed to assess the effect of certain modifications on the performance of Widal test in a novel microplate assay. Sera from 37 patients (21 males; 16 females) (mean age 28 + 7 years) were tested in the Immunology Unit at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh. Among them were...
Due to the fastidious nature of B. henselae and the limited number of available isolates worldwide, there are few data on its in vitro susceptibility to antibiotics. We determined the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ten antimicrobial agents against 11 feline isolates of B. henselae by Etest method. The lowest MICs were obtained for rifampicin = 0.002 mg/L. MICs of all isolates were <...
The haloarchaeal diversity of a salt mine, a natural cave in central Anatolia, was investigated using convential microbiological and molecular biology methods. Eight halophilic archaeal isolates selected based on their colony morphology and whole cell protein profiles were taxonomically classified on the basis of their morphological, physiological, biochemical properties, polar lipid and protein profiles...
To analyze the microcalorimetric behaviour of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and to test the prospective use of microcalorimetry in the early diagnosis of infections by enterobacteria. For our experiments we used cultures of E. coli, P. mirabilis and K. pneumoniae. For the experimental setup, we used a Calvet microcalorimeter with the constant temperature of 309 K inside...
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