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Venous refilling time (VRT) can diagnose the presence of venous system diseases. In order to calculate the VRT it is necessary to determine the End of the Empting Maneuvers (EEM). The automation of this process has been identified as a difficult task. Some methods described previously have some difficulties that could be solved. This paper proposes a new method for the automatic detection of the EEM...
Rehabilitation robotics has been one of the most important branches of robotics. Particularly, the exoskeleton device for the upper limb rehabilitation develops fast in recent years, but most of them are heavy and large. In this paper, we proposed a light and wearable exoskeleton device which is potential to be used in home rehabilitation. It should be able to perform passive and active training....
I review substrates for the execution of normal gait and to understand pathophysiological mechanisms of gait failure in basal ganglia dysfunctions. In Parkinson's disease, volitional and emotional expressions of movement processes are seriously affected in addition to the disturbance of automatic movement processes, such as adjustment of postural muscle tone and rhythmic limb movements during walking...
In animal experiments, motor learning and synaptic plasticity in the cortex are enhanced by interventions that reduce the effectiveness of GABAergic intracortical inhibition. Previous work has shown that GABAergic inhibition in human motor cortex is reduced by fatigue of muscles innervated from the regions being tested. Interestingly, similar effects on GABA occur even after fatigue of distant muscles...
This paper discusses a elasticity sensing system that is able to evaluate tongue elasticity in vivo. We utilize an equivalent Young's modulus of tongue, which is defined by the applied pressure divided by the tissue strain. We also introduce an index of muscle contraction by using an electromyographic (EMG) signal for judging whether the increase in elasticity is caused by a muscle contraction or...
Stroke has become a very prevalent disease, especially in elder people. Many researches have focused on developing advanced and intelligent robotic system to assist the treatment of patients. For this field, Electromyography (EMG) is widely used for its benefit to get valuable information about the neuromuscular activity of a muscle. In this paper, wavelet packet decomposition method which is a kind...
Numerous camera positioning mechanisms exist, but their actuation has little in common with the human eye whose motion they are meant to replicate. Piezoelectric cellular actuators, a novel biologically inspired technology, have much more in common with the recti muscles that position the human eye than traditional actuators have. This work explains how to select multi-layer nested compliant strain...
This paper presents a novel method to characterize mechanical impedance of a human joint. We employed a non-parametric stochastic identification method and an interactive robot. This method allows us to determine several important properties including a) joint impedance in the direction of the joint principal axes, b) the spatial joint impedance structure, and c) the passivity properties of the joint...
In this paper, an integrated framework with multiple sensory information for analysing human hand motions is proposed, and it consists of components of system integration, signal preprocessing, correlation study of sensory information and human motion recognition based on manipulation intention. Three types of sensors are employed in the framework to simultaneously capture the finger angle trajectory,...
Reaching and grasping of objects in an everyday-life environment seems so simple for humans, though so complicated from an engineering point of view. Humans use a variety of strategies for reaching and grasping anything from the simplest to the most complicated objects, achieving high dexterity and efficiency. This seemingly simple process of reach-to-grasp relies on the complex coordination of the...
This paper proposes a novel human-computer interface system, with architecture flexible enough to adapt to various types of physical disabilities and able-bodied person, and also capable of connecting to various devices via a wireless protocol, using a tablet PC as a central system with which a user are interacting. For this interface system surface Electromyogram (EMG) of various muscles which a...
The paper investigates the dynamic characteristics that shape human skills using the task-space methods found in robotics research. It is driven by the hypothesis that each subject's physiology can be reflected to the task dynamics using the operational space acceleration characteristics and that elite performers achieve the optimum transmission from their available muscle induced torque capacity...
ELECTRICAL engineers ask, is a watt-hour a watt-hour? Nutritionists ask, is a calorie a calorie? And plant pathologists ask, is carbon capture, carbon capture? How does the average person see their carbon footprint calculation [1]? We bring these abstract ideas closer for an average person with a systems engineering approach to bike machine eMergy education, so that learners can have a better grasp...
This work presents the novel concept of Tele-Impedance as a method for controlling/teleoperating a robotic arm while performing tasks which require significant dynamics variation. As an alternative method to bilateral force-reflecting teleoperation control approach, which uses a position/velocity command combined with force feedback from the robot side, Tele-Impedance enriches the command sent to...
This paper presents a novel method for controlling a single-joint robot arm driven by two pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs). We introduce the concepts of the agonist-antagonist muscle-pairs ratio (A-A ratio) and the agonist-antagonist muscle-pairs activity (A-A activity), and demonstrate that our concepts enable separate linear control of the equilibrium joint angle and joint stiffness. We also...
Muscle force models have many applications in human-machine motion analysis, human-machine interfacing, rehabilitation and robotics. A Hill-type model was used to estimate muscle force. In this work, we are going to introduce a new model to estimate human muscle force. Our model, estimates human muscle force based on a rectified smoothed electromyography (RSEMG) signal using the back-propagation Artificial...
The fatty acid compositions in muscle of Schizothorax (Racoma) kozlovi were studied for the first time on the basis of fatty acid determination of 30 individuals of the species collected from the Wujiang River, China, by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. A total of 26 fatty acids were identified in the muscle of S. (R.) kozlovi. Palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid...
In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed for facial expression mapping. The proposed algorithm first introduces a new elastic model to balance the global and local warping effects such that the impacts from facial feature differences between people can be avoided, thus more reasonable geometric warping results can be created. Furthermore, a muscle-distribution-based (MD) model is also proposed....
Cultured meat — edible muscle tissue grown in a laboratory or factory (carnery) without the need of a whole animal — was shown to be feasible in 2000 [1] and several researchers have since suggested that large-scale production is possible [2–5]. Using ESEM principles as a guide, this investigation represents a preliminary attempt to shed light on some of the environmental, economic, and social implications...
A novel biometrics approach that performs authentication via the internal non-visible anatomical structure of an individual human eye is proposed and evaluated. To provide authentication, the proposed method estimates the anatomical characteristics of the oculomotor plant (comprising the eye globe, its muscles and the brain's control signals). The estimation of the oculomotor plant characteristics...
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