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Mangrove usually found on the outfall or along the beach and commonly the area is a mudflats area. Mangroves have many important roles to the environment and to the marine ecosystem and also protect land from the erosion, flood and even tsunami. Mangrove can be a shelter when there is tempest that come from the sea and can reduce the erosion to the land that cause from the wave. Mangrove have main...
Using mangroves as a potential coastal bioshield has been intensively studied and tested in the past 10 years. Without a doubt, these studies suggest mangroves are able to attenuate waves thus make it perfect bioshield against tsunami, storm surges, erosion and other coastal disaster. This paper synthesis state of mangroves forests in Peninsular Malaysia towards the realisation of adopting mangrove...
Conventionally small area topographic detail plan is produced using land survey techniques. Various method of modern topographical detail plan however required more cost to speed up the data acquisition process for large data and high accuracy. The recent development in commercial grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) has the potential to be used as a data capture equipment with low cost. In this study,...
Tropical forest embraces a large stock of carbon and contributes to the enormous amount of above and below ground biomass in the global carbon cycle. Very high resolution imagery (VHR) satellite imagery can provide new opportunities to estimate the biomass and carbon stock of the forest area using crown projection area (CPA) as one of the predictor variable for accurately estimation the biophysical...
Decision making and planning is an integral part in Unmanned Aerial Imagery Capturing System (UAiCs) operation, it is important to plan dynamically negotiable collision free path. In order to ensure the UAiCs operates safely, effective path planning and also any rules of regulation governing flight within the Department of Civil Aviation need to consider. The first step in photogrammetric project...
Car navigation system (CNS) has become one of the popular accessories among driver in Malaysia. Currently, all CNS components are imported except digital maps that been produce by local map provider referring to document ISO 14825:2011 — Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files (GDF) — GDF 5.0. Even though the document has an intensive guideline but most of it does not suit Malaysia road...
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