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Local small cell deployments will become an important part of the future 5G networks, in particular in the higher frequency bands. In order to speed up the wide-spread deployment of such ultra-dense networks, new business and spectrum authorization models are needed. The recently proposed concept of micro operators with local spectrum micro licensing has gained significant interest in research, industry...
The main target of this research work is to study the provision of indoor service (coverage) using outdoor base stations at higher frequencies i.e. 10 GHz in the context of a single building scenario. In an outdoor to indoor propagation, an angular wall loss model is used in the General Building Penetration (GBP) model for estimating the additional loss at the intercept point of the building exterior...
The downlink coverage of a 5G trial system operating within the 15 GHz frequency band is evaluated in this paper with the help of drive test measurements. Key 5G features, such as beamforming, beam tracking and multi-point transmission have been utilized during the measurements. The results indicate that multi-point transmission provides a clear improvement to the downlink coverage. Received signal...
The purpose of this paper is to study the performance of Uplink/Downlink (UL/DL) separation in a heterogeneously deployed LTE network. UL/DL separation refers here to the separation of uplink and downlink transmissions so that downlink data is received from the higher power macro nodes, whereas uplink data may be transmitted to closer located pico nodes. The simulation results show that UL/DL separation...
This study evaluates the performance of a scheme, where idle capacity cells are put into sleep mode to save energy. The evaluation is performed for a few different LTE network densification alternatives, and the network performance is compared from the daily energy consumption point of view. The obtained results indicate that the introduction of the sleep mode scheme results in 42–62% lower daily...
This study compares the performance of different LTE network densification alternatives from the daily energy consumption point of view. Furthermore, the performance of an energy saving scheme, where unnecessary capacity cells are switched off during low-traffic hours, is evaluated. The obtained results show that the densified macro network is the most energy-efficient deployment when no special energy...
This study compares the performance of a number of different network densification alternatives from the total power consumption point of view. In particular, the impact of micro eNodeB output power and the impact of a targeted introduction of open access femto eNodeBs are considered. The obtained results show that the densified macro network is the most power-efficient deployment when a low level...
Previous studies have indicated that the drawback of a heterogeneous network deployment is that the required number of new sites to fulfill a desired coverage and capacity requirement becomes considerably larger compared to a densified macro deployment. Therefore, the scope of this study is to investigate if a more targeted introduction of femtocells, under the assumption of a non-uniform user traffic,...
This paper presents a novel comparison of different network densification alternatives from the LTE downlink point of view. The comparison is performed for the same environment considering, among other things, an advanced three-dimensional modeling of propagation and user distribution within the traffic hotspots. The obtained results indicate that various types of heterogeneous network deployments...
This paper presents a novel comparison of different network densification alternatives from the LTE uplink point of view. The comparison is performed for the same environment considering, among other things, an advanced three-dimensional modeling of propagation and user distribution within the traffic hotspots. The obtained results indicate that various types of heterogeneous network deployments are...
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