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Hybrid LV ac/dc microgrids are being considered for commercial buildings which bring new design requirements for the multiport converter aimed to interface both ac and dc grids. In this paper, we explore the potential to use two well-developed topologies for this targeted application. An optimization-based genetic algorithm which allows to find the best possible choices among different off-the-shelf...
This paper presents the analysis of the modular multilevel converter with integrated batteries energy storage and highlights the influence of the active power injected to the grid from the batteries in order to compensate for ac voltage grid asymmetries. The control objective of the converter is to maintain a balance between the phase-leg of the converter and between the arms of each phase. The development...
This paper presents the analysis of the modular multilevel converter with integrated batteries energy storage and highlights the influence of the power injected to the grid from the batteries or vice versa on the capacitors' voltage balancing. The control objective of the converter is to maintain a balance between the arms. By redefining the circulating current in order to compensate for reactive...
Wind energy collection/transmission systems are briefly reviewed, and the trend towards the use of a medium voltage DC collecting grid is identified by illustrating the market penetration of wind energy. The required technological change brings new challenges especially for the design of DC/DC converter topologies. The paper reviews topologies that have mainly been applied in transmission application...
The internal dynamics governing the modular multilevel converter can be described by considering the total capacitor's voltages of each arm and the circulating currents. In this study, dynamics of the total capacitor voltage of the modular multilevel converter (MMC) is analyzed. Depending on the internal control approach adopted which ensure a symmetrical energy distribution in the arms of the converter,...
Performances analysis of a modular multilevel converter using two different control strategies is presented. The first approach uses a voltage control with a feedback loop on each individual cell to assure cell's voltage balancing. Nonetheless, this latter can be affected by the total cell's voltage ripple if not compensated. As a consequence, low frequencies are injected in the phase output voltage...
The authors investigate a hybrid constant switching frequency current controller that uses both the turn-on and the turn-off current mode and the sliding mode control techniques. It is suitable for one-, two-, or four-quadrant operations and can be used with most topologies of dc-dc converters. It presents some advantages over the conventional peak current mode control. Indeed, it allows using low...
Due to low stack voltages and voltage regulation, converters must, in general, be used to interface fuel cell to the power-train of electric vehicles. This paper considers three converter topologies based, principally, on interleaving techniques. Analysis of steady state operation is used to compare the topologies such that design choices may be assessed prior to the prototyping
The authors investigate a hybrid constant switching frequency current controller that uses both turn-on and turn-off current and sliding mode control techniques. It is suitable for one-, two- or four-quadrant operations and can be used with most topologies of DC-DC converters. Two methods are presented to study characteristics of the proposed current controller. First, a high frequency average model...
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