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Objective
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in African American women (AAW) is nearly twice that of White women. Lower insulin sensitivity and decreased mitochondrial function may be contributing factors. The purpose of this study was to compare fat oxidation in AAW and White women.
Methods
Participants were 22 AAW and 22 White women, matched for age (18.7–38.3 years) and BMI (< 28 kg/m2). Participants...
Objective
Reasons for the higher obesity prevalence in African American women (AAW) compared with Caucasian women (CW) are unknown. Energy expenditure and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) are lower in AAW. It was hypothesized that these differences are explained by skeletal muscle characteristics, particularly mitochondrial content and function.
Methods
Multivariate regression analyses were used...
ObjectiveTo determine effects of physical activity (PA) with diet‐induced weight loss on energy metabolism in adults with severe obesity.
MethodsAdults with severe obesity (n = 11) were studied across 6 months of intervention, then compared with controls with less severe obesity (n = 7) or normal weight (n = 9). Indirect calorimetry measured energy metabolism during exercise and rest. Markers of...
• Reducing free fatty acids in the circulation gives protection against muscle insulin resistance.
• In the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which free fatty acid reduction improves muscle insulin sensitivity.
• The antilipolytic drug acipimox reduced the plasma concentration of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in insulin‐resistant (obese and type 2 diabetic) subjects.
• The reduction...
Metabolic syndrome is associated with decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and has recently been defined as a risk factor for the development of pulmonary venous hypertension in both humans and animal models. Nitrite, an endogenous circulating oxidation product of NO, has been recognized as an important signaling molecule that regulates blood flow and blood pressure, and exhibits therapeutic...
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