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A blind audio watermarking algorithm in Discrete Cosine Transform domain using the relationship among the consecutive groups of samples is proposed in this work. Here, we divided the DCT represented audio signal into equal-sized non-overlapping segments which in turn divided into four non-overlapping consecutive frames. Here, an informative relation between the frames in a segment is maintained to...
Optimizing the three most important network performance parameters i.e. Delivery probability, Overhead ratio, and Delay is challenging in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) due to high occurrences of network partitioning in these networks. Owing to the partitioning nature efficient routing or dissemination of messages is important in DTN. In this paper, we focused to improve the spray phase of Binary Spray...
A simple and effective audio watermarking algorithm based in time domain is proposed in this paper for controlling the unauthorized distribution of copyright audio. The algorithm makes use of the advantages of both embedding a watermark bit to an individual sample and embedding a bit to a group or frame of samples. Here, a frame of three positive valued samples is used to define the amount of distortion...
Software reuse is a solution to reduce the costs of estimation, design, development, and testing. Reuse of source codes can release the coders from the time-killing botheration of doing the same coding again and again for same kind of software projects. If the proposed distribution format (Application→ Module→Class→Function→Sub-function) is followed while storing source codes, then it is easier to...
Routing schemes in Delay Tolerant Networks depend on the intermediate nodes to carry messages till the forwarding of the messages to other nodes or delivery of the messages to their destinations. Thus, efficient and faster spreading of messages is essential to reduce the delay of sending a message from source to destination. In this work, we aim to design a new agent aided routing scheme in Delay...
Delivering messages in Delay Tolerant Networks is a nontrivial challenge due to its sparse nature and intermittent connectivity. Therefore efficient routing of messages is vital for these networks. In this work, we aim to adapt the spray phase of the Binary Spray and Wait routing scheme in Delay Tolerant Networks to avoid large communication overhead suffered by the scheme. We define an adaptive spraying...
This paper presents a dynamic approach for online mobile phone recharge. Over the past several years, percentage of overall prepaid users has increased rapidly. However, the recharging process is still somehow manual. The system proposed in this paper shows an automated way to recharge the prepaid account. This approach will have a great business impact both in local and global aspects. The effectiveness...
Integrating nodes in a MANET to the Internet require either a connection to the Internet or they can connect to the Internet through the Internet gateways or servers. For the second case a node in a MANET has to find out the gateway or server to connect to the fixed nodes in the Internet. End to end packet delay and throughput are strongly dependent on the time needed to discover the gateways. A source...
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