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In energy storage systems consisting of series-connected energy storage cells, such as lithium-ion battery cells and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), over-charging and-discharging may occur during charging and discharging under voltage-imbalanced conditions. Various kinds of cell voltage equalizers have been proposed to eliminate voltage imbalance. The equalizer using a voltage multiplier,...
Traditional energy storage systems consisting of lithium-ion battery cells or electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) connected in series require a cell voltage equalizer in addition to a bidirectional PWM converter. The system is prone to complexity as two converters (i.e., the equalizer and bidirectional converter) are separately necessary. To simplify the systems, this paper proposes the transformer-less...
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