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Objective
The aim of this study was to examine associations of ectopic adipose tissue (AT) with skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondrial bioenergetics in older adults.
Methods
Cross‐sectional data from 829 adults ≥70 years of age were used. Abdominal, subcutaneous, and visceral AT and thigh muscle fat infiltration (MFI) were quantified by magnetic resonance imaging. SM mitochondrial energetics were characterized...
Objective
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in African American women (AAW) is nearly twice that of White women. Lower insulin sensitivity and decreased mitochondrial function may be contributing factors. The purpose of this study was to compare fat oxidation in AAW and White women.
Methods
Participants were 22 AAW and 22 White women, matched for age (18.7–38.3 years) and BMI (< 28 kg/m2). Participants...
Objective
This study investigated changes in fat‐free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle 5 years after surgery in participants from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery‐2 trial.
Methods
A three‐compartment model assessed FFM, and whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantified skeletal muscle mass prior to surgery (T0) and 1 year (T1), 2 years (T2), and 5 years (T5) postoperatively...
Objective
Reasons for the higher obesity prevalence in African American women (AAW) compared with Caucasian women (CW) are unknown. Energy expenditure and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) are lower in AAW. It was hypothesized that these differences are explained by skeletal muscle characteristics, particularly mitochondrial content and function.
Methods
Multivariate regression analyses were used...
Objective
Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) is inversely related to insulin sensitivity in sedentary populations, yet no prospective studies in humans have examined IMCL accumulation with overfeeding.
Methods
Twenty‐nine males were overfed a high‐fat diet (140% caloric intake, 44% from fat) for 8 weeks. Measures of IMCL, whole‐body fat oxidation from a 24‐hour metabolic chamber, muscle protein extracts,...
Objective
This study investigated the associations of both physical activity time (PA) and energy expenditure (EE) with weight and fat mass (FM) loss in patients following Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.
Methods
Ninety‐six nondiabetic patients were included in this analysis. Post‐RYGB patients were randomized in one of two treatments: A 6‐month exercise training program (RYBG+EX) or lifestyle...
ObjectiveTo determine effects of physical activity (PA) with diet‐induced weight loss on energy metabolism in adults with severe obesity.
MethodsAdults with severe obesity (n = 11) were studied across 6 months of intervention, then compared with controls with less severe obesity (n = 7) or normal weight (n = 9). Indirect calorimetry measured energy metabolism during exercise and rest. Markers of...
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