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Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Headquarters, 2-5-21, Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 1528621, Japan
Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130034, Japan
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan