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This paper addresses the problem of generating a super-resolution (SR) image from a single low-resolution input image. A non-parametric Bayesian method is implemented to train the over-complete dictionary. The first advantage of using non-parametric Bayesian approach is the number of dictionary atoms and their relative importance may be inferred non-parametrically. In addition, sparsity level of the...
Data is power, assuming you know how to use it. The organizations that will be most successful over the next decade are those that recognize this simple fact. The advantage provided by data that has been transformed into useful information is undeniable: information derived from measurement data can be used to drive differentiation, optimization, and innovation. The future's biggest data challenge...
Optical and electronic phenomena associated with excitation of plasmons in metal-dielectric interfaces of nanoparticles and nanostructures are central to many emerging applications. We present ongoing efforts in utilizing excitation and decay energy of optically excited surface plasmons toward applications in solar energy conversion and biomedical investigations.
To be able to evolve microstructure with a prescribed in situ process, an effective measurement infrastructure must exist. This interdisciplinary infrastructure needs to be developed in parallel with in situ sensor technology. This paper discusses the essential elements in an effective measurement infrastructure.
We have developed a new concept in passive radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors for selective vapor detection and demonstrated roll-to-roll manufacturing of these sensors on a flexible polymeric substrate on the pilot scale. Selectivity of sensors was tested using model analyte vapors and is provided by measurements of the resonance impedance spectra, multivariate analysis of spectral features,...
On-line detection and isolation of anomalies in process systems, devices, and instrument channels is an important issue in the nuclear power industry, addressing efficient and continuous operation of power plants. An approach for optimal sensor placement, based on directed graph (DG) and minimizing the maximum unobservability among all postulated faults, is described and illustrated with application...
Near-infrared (NIR) diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) flowmeter is an emerging technique for measurement of deep tissue blood flow (up to centimeters). NIR spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used for quantification of tissue oxygenation. The combination of DCS tissue-flowmeter and NIRS tissue-oximeter allows for simultaneously quantifying tissue blood flow and oxygenation in deep tissues. A portable...
Luminescence from a thermographic phosphor (TGP) can be very sensitive to temperature, an attribute exploited in commercial and scientific applications at various levels. Depending on the formulation and the processing method, phosphor particle sizes may range from a few nanometers to dozens of microns across. The size, then, may be comparable to or even much smaller than a typical biological cell...
A team from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has developed an RFID Accountability System (RAS) that allows items with active RFID tags to be tracked in environments where tags may not be able to transmit their location continuously. The system uses activators that transmit a short range signal. Active RFID tags are in a sleep state until they encounter an activator. Then they transmit a signal...
Communication delay occurs in electric power grid for various reasons, thus affects the performance of the control systems and can cause power loss. This paper analyzes the causes and effects of such communication delays in electric grid system. For the analysis, a simulated power network consisting of several generators is considered, where braking resistors (BR) are used for transient stability...
The paper puts forward the idea of a wider inclusion of security issues in an instrumentation agenda. We argue that the instrumentation professional community has gained the needed experience and expertise that could be employed in addressing and solving numerous security problems in modern instrumentation and computer systems. The paper presents the development concept of the instrumentation quality...
Nuclear methods based on neutron and gamma-ray detection have been used for decades in the well-logging industry, including both oil and gas logging, for characterization purposes. Current well-logging tools operate in the range of 150 to 175°C. For geothermal logging applications, however, operations at higher temperatures are needed. In this paper, the results for neutron and photon detector measurements...
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs neurological functions due to the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. It is anticipated that future treatments will involve cell therapeutic techniques that will allow the replenishment of dopamine producing neurons. Previous studies involving these treatments have shown mixed results with the negative...
In this paper, we describe a simulation study of the impact of topology control and traffic models on the performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Network routing protocol in a dynamic changing environment. Simulation results shows that Constant Bit Rate (CBR) outperformed Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in all metrics chosen, except for TCP which was able to handle packet delivery in large topologies...
A custom signal processing and data acquisition platform has been developed to facilitate optimization of optics-based sensors and associated electronics for tissue perfusion assessment. This laboratory system allows simultaneous use of four optical probes, two photo-spectrometer probes, and up to eight external analog inputs intended for synchronized digitization of commercial physiological monitoring...
Ultrasonic guided waves have been of great interest to safety and maintenance related engineers and scholars because they render a number of practical merits over a conventional local point-by-point inspection techniques. They include possibilities of inspecting a large scale structural integrity at a distance from a fixed transducer position without scanning and improving monitoring sensitivity with...
Soldiers returning from the global war on terror requiring lower leg prosthetics generally have different concerns and requirements than the typical lower leg amputee. These subjects are usually young, wish to remain active and often desire to return to active military duty. As such, they demand higher performance from their prosthetics, but are at risk for chronic injury and joint conditions in their...
Prognostics is one component of a full health monitoring system, which generally includes plant condition monitoring, fault detection, fault diagnostics, and estimation of remaining useful life. Empirical methods for prognostics have been widely studied, and the efficacy of these models is well accepted. However, these methods typically require large amounts of run-to-failure data for accurate model...
This paper presents a new embodiment of SansEC (Sans electric connections) sensor for tire safety monitoring application. The sensor is capable of measuring multiple unrelated physical quantities including temperature, damage, and rotation rate. The sensor is composed of an open-circuit conductive pattern having temperature sensitive dielectric material in its electric field. Temperature and sensor...
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