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Ongoing energy crisis has marked itself to be one of the most difficult challenges and the most common problems. The motivation behind this study is to break down the way of this crisis and to propose some fleeting and additionally long haul answers for this issue. This research study is related to the up gradation of existing resources, technologies and infrastructures of energy. All the available...
CES-NUST has installed Pakistans first GTL (Gas to Liquid) pilot plant based on Fischer Tropsch synthesis. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) for Fischer Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) is concerned with the monitoring of the vital parameters of bench scale plant. In the present paper the physical parameters are obtained from sensors, processed and displayed by using graphical user interface...
The use of energy in buildings and infrastructure has increased many folds suggesting that alternate means must be devised to conserve energy and operate the buildings with sustainable means. For the buildings, energy efficiency can be achieved using the insulation materials, improved architectural technique, and modified construction methodology. Energy demand to operate buildings must be reduced...
This research work will examine singular value decomposition (SVD), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and least square technique for the estimation of harmonics in power system. Harmonics in power system disturbs the quality of energy supplied to load, increased energy losses and reduce the reliability of the power system. In some cases, the large power converter systems produce not only typical harmonics...
Dish Stirling of the Concentrated Solar power system consists of a Dish to capture and focus the sunlight, a Stirling engine to produce mechanical power using the focused heat and an Electric Generator to convert the mechanical energy to electrical energy. Matlab simulations were done to analyze the effect of factors like the movement of sun, size of the solar reflective Dish and the radius of the...
Nowadays, vehicle behavior monitoring systems is a new attribute in the automobile field. The paper presents practical approach that autonomously controls and monitors the movement of electrical busses and displays the necessary information like identification of vehicle's location, on route status of vehicle for the passengers. In addition to this, proposed approach includes speed control of busses...
Pakistan consumes 50% of its total primary energy and 46.5% of electricity in residential sector. Furthermore, the primary energy and electric energy rates of consumption in residential sector are increasing by 4.5% and 1.3% respectively, because of the increase of population and rise of the standard of living. As Pakistan is short of energy resources, it imports expensive oil that underlines the...
Pakistan's solar resources are among the best with daily average up to 7.5 kW/m2. Factors like photovoltaic technological developments, cost reduction, ease of grid integration etc. made it a viable option for power generation. Pakistan existing electric system is highly dependent on imported fossil, especially oil. As indigenous resource, most expectations are from Thar's lignite resources to fulfill...
Renewable resources importance has been highlighted for energy system sustainability and environmental protection since last 15 to 20 years. But their integration into electric power system is a challenging task due to their intermittent nature. Power system with renewables required simulation at small time scale to increase the confidence level and prepare a convincing plan. Work has been done to...
This study investigates the techno-economic assessment of predicted wind energy generation from 50 MW wind farm at Pasni, Distt of Gawadar, Baluchistan –Pakistan. Key purpose of the current work is to find wind power potential at low, medium and higher heights. To explore the best and power potential, four years wind speed data is forecasted using statistical model. ARIMA models present a better understanding...
Beta indium sulfide (β-In2S3) thin films were deposited by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis technique, a fast, cost effective and vacuum free method with alcoholic and aqueous solution using InCl3 and thiourea as source of indium and sulfur respectively. All films were deposited onto glass substrate with different temperatures. Characterization of the films was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning...
Ground-source heat pump systems are one of the promising new energy technologies that can be a sustainable solution for on-going energy crisis in Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to build a working model of geothermal space cooling & heating system for energy savings and demand reduction for residential, school and commercial building applications. For analysis purposes ground heat exchanger...
Power systems are inherently prone to disturbances that result in poorly damped low frequency electromechanical oscillations. This paper presents an adaptive PID (APID) controller for improving oscillation damping capability of a Thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC). An adaptive supplementary control can set the control parameters of PID in an online mode responding to respective changes in...
This study investigates the dynamic linkages between energy consumption, GDP and trade by using panel co-integration technique and panel Granger causality test, over the period 1980-2009 for South Asian economies. The empirical outcomes show that feedback relationship holds between energy consumption and GDP and between energy consumption and exports (trade) in the short run. There also exists unidirectional...
A shift towards alternate and renewable energy sources is inevitable in Pakistan's current energy demand scenario. Electricity supply shortfall, exhausting extractable oil and gas resources, extensive reliance on imported crude oil and climate change are major drivers for the shift towards renewable energy alternatives. Since high electricity generation cost of renewable energy technologies remain...
Energy sector is facing severe supply-demand gaps and multi-pronged issues contributing to huge circular debt. Government of Pakistan is focusing on different problem areas of the sector in the successive policy papers namely, National Power Policy 1994, 1995, 1998 and 2013, Policy for Development of Renewable Energy for Power Generation, 2006 Alternative and Renewable Energy policy, 2011 (also called...
Pakistan is facing severe shortage of energy. The gap between demand and supply is gradually increasing leading to heavy load shedding. This crisis has badly affected the life of people and economic growth of Pakistan which appears as a barrier in the long-term future. Along with other reasons, energy losses by the end user are one of most important aspect of energy crisis. To cope with this situation...
Electric transmission congestion has always been a longstanding concern faced by Power System Operators of Pakistan (PSOP) due to uncontrollable power demand growth and outdated electric transmission infrastructure. For this reason, reliable and economic power supply is being frequently interrupted in order to relieve congestion even when adequate power supply is available. A possible solution is...
Nuclear accidents and incidents such as Three Mile Island (TMI-2) accident (1979), Chernobyl disaster (1986) and the recent Fukushima nuclear disaster (2011) have caused people to be suspicious of the safety of nuclear energy, and have reduced the level of trust among public. Common cause failure (CCF) has been a major element of such accidents in terrestrial nuclear power reactors because of high...
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