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For bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with submicron absorber thickness, an Al2O3-layer deposited by a simple, self-organized spray-pyrolysis process onto the transparent SnO2:F back-contact is used to increase open circuit voltage and thereby increase power conversion efficiency, especially for rear-illumination, indicating reduced charge carrier back-contact recombination. On non-passivated SnO2:F,...
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are the subject of intensive research worldwide due to a number of novel properties which make them of interest for both fundamental science and technological applications. QDs are of particular interest for solar cell applications due to their ability to increase efficiency via the generation of multi-excitons from a single photon. The efficiency of multi-exciton...
The cadmium chloride activation treatment of cadmium telluride solar cells is essential for producing high efficiency devices. The treatment has many effects but the most significant is the complete removal of stacking faults in the cadmium telluride grains and the diffusion of Chlorine along the grain boundaries of the device. Chlorine decorates all cadmium telluride and cadmium sulphide grain boundaries...
CdTe solar cells which incorporate ZnO nanowires to form radial junctions are demonstrated. Complete cell structures were produced using ZnO nanowires deposited by electrodeposition of ∼970nm in length. SEM analysis showed radial junction regions were formed within the cells, while optical analysis showed a reduction in the front surface reflection. Device efficiencies of up to 3.49% was achieved...
In this paper, planning and designing of distributed PV of Suzhou Industrial Park are discussed, including financing mode, operation mode and profit mode. Domestic subsidies case is described detailed. The total installed capacity of the roof and the total generating capacity situation are shown and internal rate of return and payback period of five cases are calculated, proving the local development...
Output characteristics of a Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) array depend on conditions like solar irradiation, temperature and Non-Uniform Illumination (NUI) scenarios. In dynamic NUI condition, the SPV array output characteristics exhibit multiple power peaks. The conventional power extraction techniques are inept in tracing the global peaks in such multiple peak scenarios. Intelligent Global Maximum Power...
Most electrical vehicles are charged via an electrical grid connection, even if PV is present (“solar carport”). Elevated interface costs (connection, metering, billing) inhibit mass distribution of solar carports, so direct PV-use should be preferred. The charge received from a solar carport is usually sufficient for a typical home-office-home commuting. The ability of E-vehicles to be connected...
In this paper, a new dual-input-dual-output (DIDO) dc-dc converter is proposed to interface solar PV and fuel cell (FC) sources to a low-voltage dc microgrid. This non-isolated converter topology is efficient, compact and has fewer circuit components with only one inductor compared to the conventional non-isolated dc-dc converters. The proposed topology is suitable for a low-voltage bipolar type dc-microgrid...
The aim of this work is to have a better understanding of the effect of annealing on the crystallization behavior and the formation of secondary phases in Cu2ZnSn(Sx,Se1−x)4 (CZTSSe) absorbers. Cu-Zn-Sn-S precursors were deposited on glass/Mo substrate by co-sputtering of Cu, ZnS, and SnS and then annealed under Se atmosphere. In order to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of formation...
Through the epitaxial lift-off (ELO) process using the HF solutions mixed with hydrophilic substances consisting of acetone (ACE), isopropanol (IPA), and methanol (MA), the separation rate for the GaAs substrate and the III–V solar cell can be improved significantly. Especially for the use of HF:ACE etchant, a extremely high lateral etching rate (14.3 µm/min) of the AlAs sacrificial layer can be achieved,...
In this work we describe the dependence of luminescent coupling efficiency on the bias-voltage in multijunction solar cells. We combine a theoretical derivation and Sentaurus simulations to show that the luminescent coupling efficiency has a significant dependence on the bias voltage, and such dependence is mainly due to the change in the ratio between radiative and non-radiative recombination currents...
We report the fabrication and study of coreshell InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) nanorod photovoltaic device. The nanorods were fabricated from a GaN substrate by top-down etch, followed by InGaN/GaN MQW growth. The 3D geometry allows higher Indium incorporation and extends the solar absorption spectral range as compared with a planar reference sample. The proof-of-concept coreshell nanorod...
In order to comprehend the main limitations occurring in our 8.6% CZTSSe devices spray-coated from a water/ethanol ink, we have employed temperature dependent admittance spectroscopy and capacitance-voltage profiling. This technique has revealed a large density of charge carriers in the dark (1016–1017 cm−3) and two main defect levels: One fairly close to the middle of the band-gap, and another one...
The effect of Ag incorporation on the kesterite CZTSSe thin film by vacuum process has been investigated aiming for the band engineering of the kesterite solar cells. Phase stability, crystalinity, morphology and optical properties of Ag2ZnSnSe thin film were firstly reported and measured by XRD, SEM and UV-visible spectrometer in this work. We have successfully fabricated the ACZTSe thin films over...
This work demonstrated the preparation of new and effective antireflection SiC-SiO2 nanocomposite by sol-gel process for Si solar cells. The AR coating was conducted in two steps: i) sol-gel derived precursor was coated on p-type Si wafer by spin coating, and ii) the coated wafer was subjected to annealing at 450°C for 1h. The reflectance analysis revealed that SiC-SiO2 layers presented the relatively...
In this study 1-minute measurements of spectrally distributed irradiance in the Netherlands are evaluated by investigating the Average Photon Energy (APE). The measured data are combined with spectral response curves of various photovoltaic (PV) technologies such as c-Si, mc-Si, CdTe, CIGS, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) and polymer organic solar cells (OSC) to obtain energy yields in kWh/m2 on...
This paper shows the results and the limitations of a 21% N-Cz 239cm2 screen printed cell with blanket p+ and n+. In addition, we show the properties and impact of tunnel oxide capped with doped n+ polysilicon and metal on the back side which can overcome those limitations. Since both the doped n+ layer and the metal contact are outside the bulk silicon wafer, the Jo is dramatically reduced resulting...
Antireflection coatings are necessary components in solar cells. It has recently been experimentally demonstrated that a periodic array of resonant subwavelength objects placed at an air-dielectric interface can significantly reduce reflection. We introduce the theoretical condition for complete reflection cancellation in this resonant antireflection scheme. First, the periodicity of the array needs...
New processing developments in the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)-based solar cell technology have enabled progress to the next level of best cell efficiencies exceeding 21%. This result was achieved by applying the alkali post-deposition treatment (PDT) to the CIGS film, which effects changes both in the bulk and on the surface of the film. Furthermore, we have found that these modifications affect the range...
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