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Charge pump based PLLs are widely used in modern ICs because of their superior performance. The capacitor in the loop filter is usually large which is implemented either as an off-chip discrete component, or on-chip consuming significant silicon area. Both implementations increase the cost. Moreover, the voltage ripples at the loop filter can result in large spurs at the VCO output. To address these...
Nanopore-based molecular sensing affords a close coupling between DNA sequencing and semiconductor signal processing. This link, in turn, promises to greatly expand genomics applications to health-care and environmental stewardship. As discussed in this paper CMOS technology possesses the ability to process nanopore signals for the purpose of initial data estimation (basecalling) faster by three-decades...
This paper presents a new approach towards the development of a free-breathing micro-spirometer system on a single chip for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis of lung diseases. In this paper, we take the first step by designing and implementing a cantilever array chip using a standard micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) process. Each cantilever beam is incorporated with capacitive electrodes for sensing...
In this paper, we propose a time-based, programmable-gain A/D converter allowing for an easily-scalable, and power-efficient, implantable, biomedical recording system. The converter circuit is realized in a 90 nm CMOS technology, operates at 640 kS/s, occupy an area of 0.022 mm2, and consumes less than 2.7 μW corresponding to a figure of merit of 6.2 fJ/conversion-step.
An energy-efficient analog SRAM (A-SRAM) is proposed to eliminate redundant analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversions in the mixed-signal processing such as a biomedical and a neural network applications. The D/A and the A/D conversion are integrated into the SRAM readout by the charge sharing of the proposed split bit-line (BL) and the SRAM write by the successive approximation...
This paper presents a successive-approximation-register (SAR) analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) using a tri-level switching scheme named as reverse VCM-based scheme which maintains good linearity without any driving and accuracy requirements on VCM. A 10-bit SAR ADC is designed in a 0.18 CMOS technology. With a unit capacitor size of 17.2 fF, the ADC consumes 41.9 μW from a 1.8 V voltage supply...
Contextual image classification aims at considering the information about nearby samples in the learning process in order to provide more accurate results. In this paper, we propose a locally-adaptive Optimum-Path Forest classifier together with Markov Random Fields (MRF) that surpasses its naïve version, which was recently presented in the literature. The experimental results over four satellite...
Temperature plays a crucial role in deciding SRAM performance especially at very low voltage. SRAM bitcell has conflicting constraints of write-ability and stability at cold (−40°C typically) and hot temperature (125°C typically) respectively. In order to reduce SRAM minimum operating voltage (VMIN), write and stability assist schemes are deployed. Fully-Depleted SOI (FDSOI) technology offers single...
A novel technique for implementing noise-shaping in time-interleaved SAR ADCs is presented. The noise-shaping is implemented passively and is easily reconfigured from first to second order. In both cases it achieves better SNR improvement than a conventional loop filter for a range of low OSR, and without the need for a power-hungry integrator. The architecture provides an energy-efficient ADC solution...
Emerging spin-transfer torque mechanisms in devices like vertical spin valves, lateral spin valves, domain wall motion based devices, spin-torque oscillators and spin-orbit torque based devices have opened up new possibilities of mimicking various neural and synaptic functionalities by the underlying device physics. In this paper, we review various spintronic device structures that can provide a compact...
As the oil industry continues to drill deeper to reach new wells, electronics are required to operate at extreme pressures and temperatures. Coupled with substantial real-time data targets, the need for robust high speed electronics is quickly on the rise. This paper presents a high temperature wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) with zero temperature coefficient maximum available gain (ZTCMAG) biasing...
As oil and gas industry drills deeper, temperatures of wells can exceed 210 °C. Conventional cooling and heat extraction techniques are impractical in the harsh environment, which necessitates reliable electronic systems to operate at high temperatures. This paper presents a high temperature RF downconversion mixer targeted for downhole communications. The proposed mixer is developed with a commercial...
This paper presents a high linearity time-mode temperature sensor with close-loop architecture. The main loop utilizes a switched-capacitor equivalent resistor (Reqsc) to convert the linear values of ΔVBE and the output period of a Voltage-Controlled-Oscillator (VCO) into the control voltage of the VCO. A temperature independent equivalent resistor (Req) whose value only depends on clock period and...
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been extensively used as a sensory system for non-destructive evaluation of transportation infrastructure. High operation efficiency is one critical specification for GPR system design. Compressive sensing (CS) coupled orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques are utilized in GPR system design to leverage the operating efficiency. OFDM technique...
SysML/UML activity diagrams are widely used for the modeling and analysis of complex systems and they have become a de-facto standard for software and embedded systems. Previously in our group, we formalized SysML activity diagrams by developing a calculus called New Activity Calculus (NuAC). In this work, we redefine NuAC terms to support code generation for ARM Cortex-M processors and we present...
In this paper, a novel patch-wise visual saliency model based on Minimum Length Description (MDL) principle is presented. Visual saliency is measured as the unpredicted information of image patch through an order-adaptive predictor under MDL principle. Specifically, each image patch is estimated with a linear combination of several neighboring patches. The number and location of candidate patches...
Buildings account for nearly 40% of energy consumption in the United States. To improve energy efficiency and reduce peak demand, intelligent building management systems can be developed to manage the energy consumption of flexible loads such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system an electric vehicle (EV) charging, as well as the usage of energy storage systems such as batteries...
This paper provides a new scheme for the VLSI implementation of a parallel Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) using stochastic logic. Stochastic computation is a number representation, which can carry out complex computations with very low hardware cost. However, the delay of data output is proportional to the length of serial sequence. We provide a new area-saving parallel DCT design to improve the...
This paper describes possible regenerative electrostatic generators that can be obtained when two variable capacitors are used, in a symmetrical configuration. The studied structures require also two load capacitors and four switches or diodes, and produce two opposite output voltages. It is shown that some versions can produce a voltage multiplication factor per cycle that can reach 2. 618, greater...
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