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The drive stage circuits for electric motors must be designed to achieve best performance, including high-efficiency, fast response, and good electromagnetic compatibility. Traditional methods rely on selecting discrete component values to tune the circuit for best performance. New integrated circuits incorporate digitally-adjustable variables that allow drive circuit tuning without hardware changes...
A low drop-out (LDO) voltage regulator with high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) and enhanced transient response is presented in this study. The proposed idea is to apply a replica circuit that injects current into the second stage of the error amplifier. The LDO is being fabricated in Magna Chips CMOS Technology. The regulated output voltage of the LDO is 1V with the power supply voltage of 1...
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems offer fast detection and high spatial resolution for imaging and mapping in a host of applications, such as robotics, automotive, agriculture, military, and spaceflight. This paper presents a high-resolution LIDAR sensor system-on-a-chip (SoC) prototype containing a 31×2 pixel channel array with the input time-of-flight (ToF) resolved by a 32×1 time-to-digital...
This paper describes a linearized RF front-end design consisting of a subthreshold pseudo-differential common-source cascode low-noise amplifier (LNA) and a subthreshold active mixer. The applied linearization mechanisms can improve the third-order intermodulation intercept point (IIP3) without additional power consumption by using only passive components, which implies that the techniques do not...
A full-duplex transceiver front-end architecture that employs inverse class-D switching power amplifiers is described. An LC phase-shift network is employed between the receiver port and the antenna port. By proper phasing of the switching devices, the transmitted signal can add constructively at the antenna port while canceling at the receiver port, thereby enabling full-duplex operation. The motivation...
Noise generated in electronic devices greatly affects the performance of communication systems. In oscillators, device baseband noise is up-converted to the RF region as phase noise. This work studies important features of the injection locked Synchronous Oscillator (SO), with a focus on its phase noise performance. The SO is incorporated into a modified Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) as a Reference Injected...
A radiation-tolerant delay locked loop (DLL) for DDR2 memory interface is presented. The DLL adjusts clock phase by a coarse tuning loop using a multiplexer-based digitally controlled delay line (DCDL) and a fine tuning loop using a phase interpolator (PI). To protect the sensitive nodes from single event effect (SEE), thermometer coding with bubble correction and triple modular redundancy (TMR) techniques...
An externally triggered analog sampling circuit used as an alternative to a high speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in microcontroller systems is designed, fabricated and characterized. High speed ADCs are expensive in terms of cost and power dissipation, the fast transient digitizer (FTD) is a low cost alternative and has no appreciable DC power dissipation. The transient digitizer uses cells...
Cascaded converters need to be tightly regulated to have better system performance and faster dynamic response. One of the major issues in cascaded converters is that they behaves as a constant power load (CPL) when tightly regulated. The current through a CPL decreases/increases with the increase/decrease of voltage across it, respectively. As a result, a CPL has negative incremental impedance, which...
This paper presents the high frequency noise characterization of bipolar and MOSFET devices over temperature. The device noise parameter calculation based on Y-parameters is utilized to compare with the results from measurement over temperature. Based on the calculated and measured results, this paper will discuss the device model parameters which impact the temperature dependence of noise properties...
This paper describes a feedback time difference amplifier (FTDA) with good linearity and high gain for coarse-fine time-to-digital converters. The symmetrical FTDA has two identical output generators. Each one consists of one SR-latch, one XOR gate, one buffer and two feedback P-type keepers. The improvement in linearity and time difference gain is achieved with two feedback paths based on meta-stability...
Recent years has seen a significant increase in the manifestation of harmful algal blooms. The cyanobacterial species, that is commonly present in freshwater bodies, is known to release a class of deadly toxins known as microcystin, which is a threat to humans and wildlife through consumption of contaminated water. Hence, there is a need for development of an efficient and reliable method to detect...
The paper presents a new method to estimate acoustic parameters 51 and S2 of the heart sounds using a wearable wrist sensor based on the neural network technique. Using the new method, the heart conditions can be analyzed and monitored in real time and potentially in a long term with a wrist device. The velocities and time delays of the cardiac pulse waves in blood vessels were experimentally acquired...
Using inductive sensing, a contactless tremor detector is presented for evaluating exercise induced hand tremors either after exercise or due to Parkinson's disease. The device consists of spiral coil, microcontroller and inductive sensor circuitry. Calculation shows that resonant frequencies of the circuitry increase when the distances between the hand and the spiral coil decrease. A mechanical hand...
Previous studies have shown that the transconductance-to-drain-current ratio based design technique is useful for optimizing analog circuits. In this paper, we explore challenges associated with designing a low-power active inductor. We focus in particular on sizing issues that arise as the transistor speed is maximized and the current consumption is minimized. Finally, we apply the results to design...
Audio amplifiers deliver a large amount of power from a supply to a speaker transducer which converts it to sound energy. The Achilles heel of an audio amplifier IC is its connection to the outside world, i.e. the path to the speaker and the speaker itself. Fault conditions in the speaker and the path to it can result in safety hazards when the signal power gets misdirected, say into a short. In this...
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