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Electro-optic (EO) probes provide an ultrawideband, high-resolution, non-invasive technique for polarimetric near-field scanning of antennas and phased array systems. Unlike conventional near field scanning systems which typically involve metallic components, the small footprint alldielectric EO probes can get extremely close to an RF device under test (DUT) without perturbing its fields. In this...
Mobile data traffic is expected to grow at an annual rate of approximately 50% for the next several years, equivalent to a 5x increase in just four years. The increase is due to more throughput per device and a constantly increasing number of devices, spanning new applications that require extremely low latency. These factors are driving intense interest in fifth generation (5G) wireless technology...
This work shows that satellite communication (SATCOMM) systems achieve higher spectral efficiencies, on average, if an adaptive algorithm tracks the signal to noise ratio (SNR) as propagation conditions degrade during a storm event. The ITU recommendations for calculating propagation loss in a geostationary SATCOMM system were implemented. The spectral efficiency improvement factor — which relates...
We present an overview of the historical development and current state-of-the-art in measurement techniques for radio frequency (RF) nanotechnology. The field of RF nanotechnology focuses on the study and engineering of RF and microwave devices that are enabled by nanomaterials and other advances in nanoscience. Measurements play a critical role in this emerging field, enabling the transition from...
This paper presents a tunable active bandpass filter with adjustable notch close to the passband for blocker rejection. The proposed filter is based on two-path signal cancellation and consists of a top-C coupled tunable bandpass filter in parallel with an inductor. The proposed filter is implemented with high-Q N-path filter/resonator blocks in 65-nm CMOS process. The passband of the filter is tunable...
A unique, experimental analysis is provided on ultra-broad-band noise data for high frequency BJT and FET transistors derived from multiple test setups. These setups include a traditional in-house flicker noise measurement system (to 100kHz), and a new commercially available broad-band low frequency noise measurement system (to 40MHz), along with higher frequency microwave noise figure system (utilized...
This paper demonstrates a power amplifier (PA) design procedure for achieving high peak efficiency over a wide bandwidth. A harmonic load-pull is performed over the desired frequency range resulting in theoretically optimum load impedances. Analysis of wide bandwidths where the harmonic bands overlap with the fundamental band and lower harmonic bands are performed. Practical impedances are found through...
An experimental analysis is presented spotlighting the performance differences of horizontal and vertical mounting of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) on a PCB in electronic design and simulation. The MLCC performance depends on the orientation of the electrode plates with reference to the ground plane. The measurement of capacitor vertically mounted eliminates the odd-numbered parallel resonances...
A multilayer dielectric rod waveguide (DRW) is designed for operation at an extended Ku-band from 10 to 18 GHz. The proposed design is fully developed and fabricated by using additive manufacturing technologies, particularly fused deposition modeling (FDM). The multilayer DRW is formed by a medium-Λ dielectric core printed with a custom-made ceramic composite and a low permittivity ABS cladding. Both...
The paper presents a systematic methodology for designing a CMOS down-conversion mixer based on a conventional double balanced Gilbert cell. The design flow exploits the gm/ID methodology in order to optimize the size of the transistors that allow achieving the best tradeoff between conversion gain, noise figure, third-order intercept and power DC consumption of the entire system. The mixer was designed...
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been recently considered as a promising multiple access technique for fifth generation (5G) mobile networks as an enabling technology to meet the demands of low latency, high reliability, massive connectivity, and high throughput. The two dominants types of NOMA are: power-domain and code-domain. The key feature of power-domain NOMA is to allow different users...
In this paper we study static and dynamic gate biasing of a two-stage X-band MMIC GaN PA. The PA is first characterized under different bias conditions using large-signal static measurements, and the determined conditions are then applied to dynamic measurements with a 20 MHz noise power ratio (NPR) test signal. Biasing the gates of the two stages independently allows simultaneous reduction of amplitude...
This paper presents a novel design of a tunable multimode multiband power amplifier (PA) integrated in 130nm CMOS technology. For covering the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) bands, this power amplifier utilizes a novel technique of band switching to tune the center frequency of the band in use. The designed power amplifier covers up to 25 specified frequency bands of LTE mobile network ranging from 700MHz...
The design and simulation of a Class-E3F2 power amplifier using 65nm CMOS technology are detailed in this paper. The Class-EF amplifier combines aspects of the Class-E and -F load networks such as the harmonic terminations from the Class F and the use of a shunt capacitance at the drain in the Class E. A mixed-voltage cascode topology is used for the output stage to enable the use of fast low-voltage...
This paper presents two broadband Wilkinson power dividers (WPDs) using single layer microstrip lines. Operation of these WPDs from 2 GHz to 10 GHz could be achieved by using multisectional structure. Presented WPDs have 6 sections and differ in the size of the isolation resistors which have size of 0402 and 0603. For experimental verifications two devices were fabricated and the measurement results...
In this paper, high-power microwave switching based on low temperature plasma technology is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The proposed switch structure is formed of an evanescent-mode cavity resonator loaded with a gas discharge tube in the gap area over its post. A prototype switch at 2.1–2.6 GHz is successfully demonstrated with operating power range of 2–30 W. Since plasma properties...
A wideband Gallium Nitride (GaN) HEMT power amplifier (PA) achieving 7.6W output power over 1.1 GHz bandwidth at fo = 2.75 GHz is presented. A systematic design and synthesis of wideband low-pass matching networks realizing optimal fundamental impedance is applied. These techniques have produced amplifiers with increased output power, efficiency and very large fractional bandwidth. Additionally, the...
Pencil beamforming is used to compensate for channel impairments in millimeter wave cellular networks. This method requires testing of all beam combinations at the base and mobile stations in order to detect the unique beam pair with the optimum signal level for use in the control and data planes. However exhaustive search results in high computational complexity and prolonged discovery times, and...
The scattering and emission within a multi-layered dielectric structure can be described by either a coherent or non-coherent process. This work compares the effective reflectivity (the square of the field reflection coefficient) obtained from using a coherent transmission-line equivalent model and a non-coherent scattering formulation. The scattering models are compared with HFSS simulations and...
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