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The challenge of biology and medicine in the 21st century is complexity. A paradigm change that is currently emerging is the idea that biology is an informational science and that biological information is mediated by dynamic biological networks. The systems approach to biology and medicine is a general category of approaches that appear to be very effective in dealing with biological complexity....
Genomic variation, through its effect on gene structure and expression, plays an important role in disease predisposition, biology, and clinical response to therapy. Cancer mutations can be classified as germline (inherited) and somatic (tumoral). In the first part of my talk, I will describe a project called ARCTIC (Assessment of Risk for Colorectal Tumours in Canada) which is designed to identify...
Basic research forms the first links in the chain of research, development and testing needed to yield the new healthcare treatments and technologies that the public anticipates will greatly enhance their lives and improve healthcare. For over 50 years, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has built a solid record enabling learning, discovery and innovation at the research frontier, ultimately leading...
Sudden cardiac death kills hundreds of thousands of North Americans each year. This number could be reduced significantly if a medical device - the implantable cardiac defibrillator - had been implanted prior to the sudden death. However, since we do not have good ways of predicting who will suffer sudden cardiac death or when, physicians face a major problem in deciding in whom to implant a cardiac...
The Blue Brain Project began in July 2005 as a collaboration between Professor Henry Markram from the Brain Mind Institute at the EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) and IBM (International Business Machines), aimed at modelling the neocortical column. The neocortical column represents the basic functional unit of the cerebral cortex in mammals that underlies nearly all sensory and cognitive...
Dr. Berger leads a multi-disciplinary collaboration with Dr. Sam Deadwyler (Wake Forest Univ.), Dr. John Granacki (USC), Dr. Vasilis Marmarelis (USC), and Dr. Greg Gerhardt (Univ. of Kentucky), that is developing a microchip-based neural prosthesis for the hippocampus, a region of the brain responsible for long-term memory. Damage to the hippocampus is frequently associated with epilepsy, stroke,...
The Industry-Academia Partnership roundtable at the 2008 Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference (EMBC) will discuss topics related to: • Medical device new product development • Technology and product idea generation process • Venture capital (VC) funding, process and sources • Intellectual property (IP) joint development and sharing between Industry and Academia • Technology licensing process...
This talk is oriented towards functional diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy of tissue. My focus will be on several recent studies. For our breast cancer research, I will summarize the tumor contrast results obtained in a pilot clinical investigation employing diffuse optical tomography (DOT). I will present first in-vivo fluorescence diffuse optical tomography (FDOT) of breast cancer [1]. I...
There is a need for an imaging technique that can reliably identify and characterize the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques. Catheter-based intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is one of the imaging tools of the clinical evaluation of atherosclerosis. However, histopathological information obtained with IVUS imaging is limited. We present and discuss the applicability of a combined intravascular...
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