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This paper deals with optimal scheduling of demand response in a residential setup when the electricity prices are known ahead of time. Each end-user has a “must-run” load, and two types of adjustable loads. The first type must consume a specified total amount of energy over the scheduling horizon, but its consumption can be adjusted across the horizon. The second type of load has adjustable power...
We introduce and analyze Markov Decision Process (MDP) machines to model individual devices which are expected to participate in future demand-response markets on distribution grids. We differentiate devices into the following four types: (a) optional loads that can be shed, e.g. light dimming; (b) deferrable loads that can be delayed, e.g. dishwashers; (c) controllable loads with inertia, e.g. thermostatically-controlled...
Demand response is playing an increasingly important role in smart grid research and technologies being examined in recently undertaken demonstration projects. The behavior of load as it is affected by various load control strategies is important to understanding the degree to which different classes of end-use load can contribute to demand response programs at various times. This paper focuses on...
We develop a market-based mechanism that enables a building Smart Microgrid Operator (SMO) to offer regulation service reserves and meet the associated obligation of fast response to commands issued by the wholesale market Independent System Operator (ISO) who provides energy and purchases reserves. The proposed market-based mechanism allows the SMO to control the behavior of internal loads through...
This paper proposes distributed algorithms for control and coordination of loads and distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution networks. These algorithms are relevant for load curtailment control in demand response programs, and also for coordination of DERs for provision of ancillary services. Both the distributed load-curtailment and DER coordination problems can be cast as distributed...
In previous work we modeled the real-time power market as a dynamic system and presented an “efficiency-volatility” trade-off theorem stating that in markets with supply friction, an efficient market must have volatile prices. In this paper we introduce a novel market mechanism for power markets where there are two prices: one for the real-time power market for suppliers who have friction and another...
This paper presents a nonlinear adaptive control strategy based on the Wiener model for control of the Neuro-Muscular Blockade in anesthesia. The structure combines the inversion of the static nonlinearity present in the Wiener model with a pole-placement controller for the linearized system. The overall strategy exploits identification of a minimally parameterized model for the description of the...
Our recent investigations are focused to develop dynamic models for skeletal muscle force and finger angles for prosthetic hand control using surface electromyographic sEMG as input. Since sEMG is temporal and spatially distributed and is influenced by various factors, muscle fatigue and its related sEMG becomes of importance. This study is an effort to spectrally analyze the sEMG signal during progression...
A control-theoretic study of complex systems such as closed-loop neural prostheses exhibits several challenges, from the design of an optimal feedback control problem to its solution. In this paper we study one such system, a closed-loop voluntary movement of a prosthetic finger using electrophysio-logical activities of a single cortical motor neuron. We develop an optimal feedback control problem...
Glucose is the primary source of energy for the human body. Keeping the blood glucose level between certain thresholds is essential for the proper energy transport. Insulin plays a key role in maintaining the glucose homeostasis. Because of its great importance, many models were published on either to describe the glucose-insulin interaction in case of patients under Intensive Care Unit (ICU), or...
Although many papers address the issue of therapy design for HIV-1 infection based on control methods, the results available in the literature do not in general consider the fact that the manipulated variable is not continuous but a train of pulses. In addition, they are usually concerned only with the relation between drug effect (assumed to be manipulated) and virus dynamics. In order to improve...
This paper deals with observer designs to mathematical models of circadian rhythms which exist in every living organism. Two mathematical models are considered, with a 3rd order model for Neurospora, and a 7th order model for Mammals. The observer design is based on systems with Lipschitz nonlinearities. In particular, observers based on onesided Lipschitz condition are investigated, and the observers...
A sliding mode observer in the presence of sampled output information and its application to fault reconstruction is studied. The observer is designed by using the delayed continuous-time representation of the sampled-data system, for which a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) provide conditions for the ultimate boundedness. It is shown that an ideal sliding motion cannot be achieved in the...
We present stochastic vehicle routing policies for detection of any number of anomalies in a set of regions of interest. The autonomous vehicle collects information from a set of regions and sends it to a fusion center. The vehicle follows a randomized region selection policy at each iteration. Using the collected information, the fusion center runs an ensemble of cumulative sum (CUSUM) algorithms...
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