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This paper aims to present some applications of Wavelet Transform (WT) in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems, main differences among Wavelet transform and Fourier transforms and also some aspects related to power quality (PQ) and islanding detection methods in a grid-connected PV system. An example of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) applied to detect disturbs on electrical signals is also presented...
This paper proposes a methodology for planning photovoltaic connected to the grid with and without tracker systems focusing on the sizing and the performance. The methodology it was developed via a set of simulations of two photovoltaic solar systems of 2 200 kWp. We select two test systems located in important sites for developing solar power plants in the world, one is in the city of Petrolina,...
In this paper, a proposal for optimizing the utilization of batteries within grid-connected PV-plants is introduced and discussed. Batteries are utilized for obtaining both the conventional energy storage task and the maximum power generation of a PV-module operating under partial shading conditions. In practice, as an alternative to the conventional way of utilizing batteries as a centralized storage-bank,...
This work presents a layout design method for a grid-connected PV-Battery-Diesel microgrid considering the effect of the applied power management strategy among the system's components. The proposed microgrid is dedicated to those areas in the world which suffer from prolonged grid outages and depend mainly on diesel generators to cover the periods of power deficit. Conventionally, such hybrid microgrids...
This work describes the electrical characterization of CIG(S,Se)2 sub-modules in order to compare the related performances with those obtained from traditional silicon photovoltaic modules. This characterization has been performed through means of a test bench, mainly composed by a solar simulator equipment, allowing the determination of the parameters of the prototypes under test at different irradiances...
In this paper, we have analyzed the performance of rotating Photovoltaic (PV) modules integrated with an H- type vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) consisting of five blades. The PV modules used are flexible monocrystalline thin films. The importance of the proposed design over the conventional photovoltaic wind-hybrid systems are: first, it combines the turbine with PV modules resulting in a reduced...
This paper presents a novel low-cost photovoltaic (PV) microinverter with an ultra-wide MPPT voltage range. This approach is based on the two-stage energy conversion where the front-end boost half-bridge DC-DC converter is used to step up the fluctuating PV voltage to a stabilized high DC voltage, which is next transformed to a grid compliant AC voltage by the grid-tied inverter. The operation principle...
Over-temperature occurring in silicon solar panels, subject to partial shadowing, are reduced by means of a series connected voltage divider which sustains part of the reverse voltage developing across the shaded solar cells. The circuit is based on a power MOSFET which is driven by the output voltage of the solar panel. When the solar panel is uniformly illuminated the MOSFET is in the ON state and...
In this paper the performance of a maximum power point technique, which is suitable for photovoltaic applications to sustainable mobility, is documented. The approach is based on the use of one DC/DC converter per sub-section of the photovoltaic array, with a central controller that changes the duty cycle of each DC/DC converter in a way that the current injected into the battery is maximized. The...
HEART - an innovative EU H2020 funded project - recently took off with the goal of concretely tackling technical, economic and social aspects related to climate change and building energy consumptions.
Although the conventional P&O method may be trapped into a local maximum point under partial shading conditions, it is a very fast algorithm because it is a deterministic algorithm and simply rely on the fact that the maximum point is reached when dPpv/dVpv = 0, where Ppv and Vpv are the power and voltage of the photovoltaic arrays, respectively. Hence, it is highly desirable, under partial shading...
Municipal waste management has a great impact on the sustainability of human processes and green policies, especially in urban sites. Although it could be achieved the full separation of the reusable and recyclable items and the complete elimination of the organic material present in it, many waste components must still be processed in waste treatment facilities. Accordingly, since the 90s, in Spain,...
The increasing demand for energy worldwide, and the fact that the pollution level is high, as led to the intensive use of renewable or “clean” energy. The renewable “clean” energies are seen as the way to solve all the problems related with the subject, but this is not true. Our work presents some problems related with the intensive use of some “clean” energies (hydroelectric and solar photovoltaic)...
Offshore wind power plants might be seen as high risk investments. Their risk depends on technical and financial elements. When some corporations decide to invest in a plant, they decide to take all above-mentioned risks. The question “Given a specific investor, a specific plant, etc., how big are the investment risks?” has not a clear answer. In fact, the impact of the previous risk factors on cash...
South Africa accounted for more than one-third of the total energy-related CO2 emissions on the African continent. South Africa's energy and electricity supplies are dominated by coal. The country's energy mix is expected to shift considerably towards renewables over the next two decades. This paper examines policy options for promoting such a shift to clean electricity, in order for South Africa...
The described battery energy storage system (BESS) in this paper portrays the world's first battery 2nd life system with high density packaging of automotive BMW i3 battery packs, refrigerant cooling of battery cells, DC high power charging of EVs and multi-use-case suitability. The focus here lies on two applications: EV high power charging of up to 200 kW and spot market energy arbitrage. The latter...
Electric Mobility can produce a considerable impact on the rational use of energy through the appropriate design and management of the Grid - Vehicle system. Starting from the fact that electricity is the most effective vector for transferring the energy from “well to wheel” in terms of efficiency and environmental quality conservation, with the European mix of primary energy sources used for electricity...
In 2008, the European Commission published the climate and energy package “20 20 20” with the objective of reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing the production from renewable energy sources (RES) and the energy efficiency. Electric Vehicles (EVs) contribute to lower the GHG emissions as they produce no exhaust gas as opposed to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. The present...
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