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The shortage of electricity in Pakistan raises the need for energy conservation by the use of energy efficient devices. The lighting loads account for almost 20% of the total worldwide energy consumption. With the advancement in lighting technologies, LED lights have become popular over the past few years; this paper discusses the energy savings that would result if all the existing CFL (Compact Fluorescent...
This study focuses on the design and implementation of a variable duty cycle pulse train charging (VDCPTC) strategy aimed mainly to reduce the detrimental effects of sulfation in order prolong battery life. This paper proposes a pulse train type of charging unique from that of conventional pulse charging. A burst of pulses at 1 kHz frequency is injected in the battery via a 345W/57.6V Half Bridge...
This paper presents a switching-based charger with a time division fast charging (TDFC) control to decrease circuit complexity and charging time for multiple batteries. Time division scheme can deliver a different energy amount to each battery to achieve battery voltage balance and remove the effect of the battery's parasitic resistor to prolong the charging time in constant current (CC) stage. To...
Distributed generation (DG) is utilized in electric power networks for the purpose of loss reduction, environment friendly features, and voltage improvement. This paper determines optimal allocation of DGs through Multi-Objective Index (MOI) for improving voltage stability and decreasing line losses of radial distribution system. Multiple objectives are merged using weighting factors and investigated...
In current Industrial world, there has been an increase in demand for wind power. Few of the major challenges in wind industry is the component complexity and material reliability. Thus, there is a need of determining alternative and more efficient manufacturing method. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a process which enables layer-wise fabrication of complex parts directly from CAD files without part-specific...
This paper addresses design consideration on Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) sizing of Hybrid Electric Marine Vessel. Different size of BESS is simulated to assess fuel consumption of the vessel, charge/discharge peak power of the BESS, and equivalent life cycle of the BESS used. To determine power contribution between generators and BESS, a Power Management System (PMS) is designed based on...
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries have obtained extensive interests for the high energy density, little contamination, and ready availability. To enhance the compatibility of the batteries in electrical systems, the accurate estimation of the state of charge (SOC) is remarkably significant. Conventionally, Kalman filter algorithm and its derivations can be utilized for SOC estimation. To...
There are two commonly used 3-phase configurations in power grid applications, the 3-phase 3-wire, and 3-phase 4-wire configurations. The 3-phase 4-wire power converter systems is necessary to supply single-phase loads but at the expense of higher output harmonics and losses, as compared to 3-phase 3-wire systems. The neutral inductor is added to reduce the neutral line harmonics and a LCL+ L filter...
In this paper reactive power compensation using an infinite level inverter based STATCOM is proposed. Nowadays, the society is becoming increasingly dependent on the electrical supply. New equipment's are more sensitive to power quality variations. This causes the transmission line to transfer equal or sometimes more than its capacity, which leads to overloading, voltage fluctuations etc. in the system...
With the distributed generation (DG) infiltrated distribution network gradually, determining the allowable capacity of DG quickly under different distribution network is the key to design and safe operation. According to the steady-state voltage, current and short circuit current of the feeder with DG, a practical analysis algorithm of DG allowable capacity for radial grid and single ring grid is...
Hybrid AC/DC microgrid is a compromised solution to cater for the increasing penetration of DC-compatible energy sources, storages and loads. In this paper, DC/DC converter with High Frequency Transformer (DHFT) is proposed to replace the conventional bulky transformer for bus voltage matching and galvanic isolation. Various DHFT topologies have been compared and CLLC-type has been recommended due...
This paper presents a DC microgrid integrated dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) system to mitigate the grid voltage sag and swell. The DC source of the DVR is the DC microgrid, including the PV array and hybrid energy storage system consisting of lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor. Compared to the conventional DVR supplied by pure energy storages, the DC microgrid will prolong the operation the DVR...
To achieve high efficiency and power output, thermoelectric module geometry needs to be carefully designed. Thermoelectric module height is a major design parameter that can significantly influence output power. This paper present a mathematical model of thermoelectric generator derived from fundamental transportation equation. Module height optimization is conducted to achieve maximum power. The...
In converters possessing multiple distributed controllers the synchronization of and the communication between the various controllers are important topics requiring careful consideration. The controllers should be able to transmit data and commands to each other so that different control modes can be selected, reference values updated, parameters shared and so forth. Synchronization is important...
This paper describes a high voltage isolation over 30kV gate driver power supply for solid-state-transformers (SSTs). In order to implement this, several dc-dc converter topologies with a highly isolated high frequency (HF) transformer are examined. The simulation study about the electrostatic field of the HF transformer is performed. Moreover, some galvanic insulation materials are analyzed to enhance...
In this paper, the effect of capacitor voltage ripple on current quality in a cascaded H-bridge (CHB) low-capacitance static compensator (LC-StatCom) with symmetrical I-V characteristics is investigated. Total harmonic distortion of the synthesized ac voltage of an H-bridge converter operating with different capacitor voltage ripples is evaluated for both inductive and capacitive operating modes....
Electromagnetic energy harvesting holds a promising future for powering up low power electronic devices in wireless technology circuits. This paper presents an RF energy harvesting system that can harvest energy from the ambient surroundings at the downlink radio frequency range of 700MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz and 2100MHz band. The harvesting system aimed to provide a new generation and alternative...
Pulse width modulation (PWM) converter based variable-frequency drives to control AC machines have been widely used in motor drive system. However, it also leads to early bearing degradation in inverter driven machine due to the transient shaft voltage and high frequency bearing currents resulted from the PWM switching. To reduce the machine bearing current and extend the bearing lifetime, one possible...
The advancement of technology reshapes our energy landscape over the past few decades. More sensors are deployed; more processes are being automated and more information is being exchanged between systems. Technology advancement brings enormous opportunities; For instance, optimizing operation, reducing outage time, turning raw data into useful business information etc. However, as we move deeper...
Tidal energy is a clean and environment-friendly energy source. It has many advantages such as sustainability, low initial cost, abundant and highly predictable due to its regular pattern. The working principle of tidal energy conversion system (TECS) is to use the potential and kinetic energy of the ocean waves caused by the celestial gravitation to drive the turbine that is coupled with a generator...
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