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Separation control has received considerable emphasis in literature both owing to fundamental flow physics and technological applications. Flow separation generally leads to increased energy losses, instability and so on, and its control is essential to improve aerodynamic performance. Here a brief review is presented of three broad strategies for separation control: these include methods that involve...
Structures of plane and circular jets were modified by using active, passive and an active-passive (hybrid) combination to investigate the phenomenon of turbulence control using hot-wire anemometry. Active control was achieved by exciting the flow by using either an acoustic speaker or vibrating piezoceramic elements, whereas passive control was achieved by placing a slender object such as a thin...
In earlier work, we have explored the relevance of hydrodynamic stability theory to fully developed turbulent wall flows. Using an extended Orr-Sommerfeld Equation, based on an anisotropic eddy-viscosity model, it was shown that there exists a wide range of unstable wave numbers (wall modes), which mimic some of the key features of turbulent wall flows. Here we present experimental confirmation for...
Experimental data on acoustic pressure measurements obtained over a wide range of conditions is reported for two simple geometries that are commonly studied for their combustion dynamics behaviour. These geometries are the confined bluff-body and the confined backward-facing steps. The data indicate regimes of flow-acoustic lock-on that signifies the onset of combustion instability, marked by the...
A review of work over the last decade shows that 2D wavelet techniques applied on flow imagery can provide powerful insights into the nature and lifecycle of coherent structures (the latter through wavelet movies) in turbulent shear flows. The advantage of wavelet techniques in often being able to infer the nature of coherent motion from a single image is emphasized. The techniques are first calibrated...
This study reports control of compressible dynamic stall through management of its unsteady vorticity using a variable droop leading edge (VDLE) airfoil. Through dynamic adaptation of the airfoil edge incidence, the formation of a dynamic stall vortex was virtually eliminated for Mach numbers of up to 0.4. Consequently, the leading edge vorticity flux was redistributed enabling retention of the dynamic...
This paper is a review of some of our recent work on the effect of wall heating on the stability of laminar flow in a channel. The summary of our results, some of them unexpected, is as follows. Viscosity stratification has very little effect on transient growth, whereas it results in linear mode stabilising or destabilising by an order of magnitude. It has hitherto been accepted that heat diffusivity...
This work is an experimental investigation of the dynamics and control of the laminar separation bubbles which are typically present on the suction surface of an aerofoil at a large angle of attack. A separation bubble is produced on the upper surface of a flat plate by appropriately contouring the top wall of the wind tunnel. First, a basic (unforced) separation bubble is obtained to set a benchmark...
Substantial aerodynamic drag, while flying at hypersonic Mach number, due to the presence of strong standing shock wave ahead of a large-angle bluntcone configuration, is a matter of great design concern. Preliminary experimental results for the drag reduction by a forward-facing supersonic air jet for a 60° apexangle blunt cone at a flow Mach number of 8 are presented in this paper. The measurements...
PSP data processing, which primarily involves image alignment and image analysis, is a crucial element in obtaining accurate PSP results. There are two broad approaches to image alignment: the algebraic transformation technique, often called image-warping technique, and resection methodology, which uses principles of optical photogrammetry. Resection is found to have higher resolution, especially...
In the present investigation, a technique has experimentally been evolved with the aim to control the unsteady wake dominated by periodic vortex-shedding. The technique uses pulsating surface blowing that is applied asymmetrically just before separation from the blunt trailing edge of a thick aerofoil model. Thus, momentum is injected in spurts in only one of the two separated shear layers. The control...
Research in the area of flow diagnostics using fibre-optics started in our laboratory in early 1998. The first-ever multi-component wind tunnel balance in the world, working with fibre-optic sensors was built and demonstrated in 1999. Since then, several new applications of the technique in the area of fluid dynamic load measurements have been tried successfully. Very recently, fibre-optic sensors...
In air-compression systems, instabilities occur during operation close to their peak pressure-rise capability. However, the peak efficiency of a compression system lies close to this region of instability. A surge is a violent mode of instability where there is total breakdown of flow in the system and pressure-rise capability is lost drastically. Generally, all compression systems operate with a...
Investigations conducted based on seismic soil-structure interaction analysis of a massive concrete structure supported on a raft foundation are presented in this paper. Linear transient dynamic analysis is carried out using finite element method and imposing transmitting boundary conditions at far field of layered elastic half-space. Analysis is conducted in two phases, namely: (i) free-field analysis...
Accurate estimation of the maximum possible depth of scour at bridge abutments is important in decision-making for the safe depth of burial of footings. Besides, investigation of the geometric features of scour holes around abutments provides useful information for the degree of scour counter-measure to be implemented against excessive scouring. Experiments have been performed to investigate time-dependent...
An electro-magnetic interference noise shielding enclosure for Pockels cells for high speed synchronized switching has been set-up and tested. The shielding effectiveness of the aluminum enclosures housing the Pockels cells and the electronic circuitry has been measured using a high impedance probe and is found to be ∼50 dB. This ensures a noise-free and synchronized electro-optic switching in an...
A study of surface wave propagation in a fluid-saturated incompressible porous half-space lying under a uniform layer of liquid is presented. The dispersion relation connecting the phase velocity with wave number is derived. The variation of phase velocity and attenuation coefficients with wave number is presented graphically and discussed. As a particular case, the propagation of Rayleigh type surface...
TCP performs poorly in wireless mobile networks due to large bit error rates. Basically, the TCP sender responds to these losses as if they were due to congestion in the network, and reduces the congestion window unnecessarily. In earlier work, it has been shown that adding a TCP header checksum is very useful in differentiating between congestion loss and corruption loss. With the modified TCP, receivers...
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