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III-nitrides InGaN solar cells have exhibited many favorable physical properties for space photovoltaic (PV) applications. Here we demonstrate the first nonpolar and semipolar InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well (MQW) solar cells grown on nonpolar m-plane and semipolar (2021) plane bulk GaN substrates. The optical properties and PV performance of these InGaN solar cells were systematically studied, including...
Textured ultra-thin silicon wafers were obtained by means of chemical etching in potassium hydroxide solution. The surface morphology and roughness of ultra-thin silicon wafers were investigated depend on their thickness, doping level and texturing. Based on thinned silicon substrates the heterojunction solar cells were produced. It was determined clear dependence of photovoltaic properties on surface...
Photovoltaic (PV) cells are important devices that can be used to convert photons into electrical energy. However, the cost of current PV devices needs to be significantly reduced and their efficiencies need to be substantially enhanced to enable large scale implementation of PV cells as sources of clean electrical energy. Surface plasmon polaritrons (SPP) in metallic nanostructures in close proximity...
A thin layer of p-type Cu2O was grown over flexible 30 μm thick copper substrates. Using Injection Chemical Vapor Deposition technique, n-type In2S3 thin films was grown over the Cu2O layer. A p-n junction was thus realized. The Cu2O/In2S3 hetero-structure showed photovoltaic behavior. A solar cell with the structure Cu/Cu2O/In2S3 /Ag could be fabricated. An acidic texturization sequence was developed...
CdSe thin films have been prepared by close spaced sublimation technique. The deposited films have been characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD patterns have been used to determine the microstructural parameters (crystallite size, lattice parameter) of investigated films. Structural investigations showed that studied...
Rapid commercialization of CIGS technology has slowed down because of expensive vacuum processes, toxic selenization step and rigid substrates narrowing the application range. In this work, non-vacuum based single-step intense pulsed light (IPL) post-treatment of doctor blade deposited CIGS thin film on a flexible glass substrate realized successfully for device application is presented. Precursor...
Epitaxial CdTe with high quality, low defect density, and high carrier concentration should in principle yield high-efficiency photovoltaic devices. However, insufficient effort has been given to explore the choice of substrate for high-efficiency epitaxial CdTe solar cells. In this paper, we use numerical simulations to investigate three crystalline substrates: silicon (Si), InSb, and CdTe itself...
(Zn)CdTe/MgCdTe double heterostructures (DH) are grown on InSb substrates using MBE. The DHs are capped with 10∼30 nm (Zn)CdTe layers to prevent MgCdTe from oxidization. The carrier lifetimes of the DHs with Mg0.24Cd0.76Te barrier layer degrade fast within the first week in atmosphere and then at a much slower rate. The carrier lifetime degradation is about 20–30% compared with the initial value....
We have studied the effect of substrate temperature in molybdenum (Mo) back contact deposition on its structural evolution, optical properties, and most importantly, the over-deposited CuIn1−xGaxSe2 solar cell performance. A series of Mo thin films was DC sputtered onto thermally oxidized Si at substrate temperatures from 25°C to 385°C. Real time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) was performed to...
Thin silicon foils with two different crystal orientation were fabricated by SLiM-cut method. The thickness of the <100> and <111> foils are 45 µm and 33 µm, respectively. The surface quality was compared in this study. The <111> foil have smoother surface than the <100> foil. 4cm2 thin silicon solar cells with heterojunction structure were fabricated. The efficiency was found...
CdTe/MgCdTe double heterostructures with n-type indium doping concentrations, varied from 1×1016 cm−3 to 1×1018 cm−3, have been grown on InSb substrates using MBE. Capacitance voltage measurements show that carriers are 100% ionized for the doping concentrations in this range. The carrier lifetime decreases with increasing doping concentration, from 0.73 µs for an unintentionally doped sample to sub-nanosecond...
This paper presents a design for a high transmission system using single layer coating of thin film for solar cell. This system operates at visible light. It gives high transmission at a wide range of oblique angles. The system consists of coating the cover glass that is used in solar cells with a single layer of thin film to increase the transmission percentage of the incoming light. With the proposed...
This paper presents an 3D TCAD model of crystalline Silicon (c-Si) solar cells. Physical parameters used in the model are discussed. Simulation results are compared to experimental current-voltage curves and solar cell figures of merit namely open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor, and conversion efficiency, allowing us to determine an optimum design for these devices. Particularly,...
The effect of size on the scattering properties of silica nanoparticles on glass has been presented here. Silica nanoparticles of two different sizes (∼50 nm and ∼300 nm diameter) have been synthesized by a modified Stober technique and applied by spin coating on glass surface. Scattering properties of the nanoparticles have been studied experimentally. It is seen that larger nanoparticles have a...
A high transmission system is designed using double layers thin film coating on glass for solar cell. This system gives increased transmission at oblique angles in the visible range. With the proposed system the transmission coefficient increased from 80% to 88%.
Engineers and scientists currently know how to make silicon solar cells that are 25% efficient. This achievement has nearly reached the theoretical maximum (29%) for a single junction solar cell. How do we go beyond 29%? In order to continue reducing the costs of solar power generation, higher performance devices are necessary. Here we briefly present possible strategies along with their implementations...
In recent years, there have been a lot of progress to replace conventional photovoltaic solar cells with nano-antennas to improve the performance of solar cells. These antennas can convert solar infrared radiation into DC output by using a proper rectifier. This paper presents a bow-tie nano-antenna that works in infrared frequencies band to collect solar energy. Our goal is to design a bow-tie nano-antenna...
(In,Ga)2Se3 (IGS) thin films were deposited on Molybdenum (Mo) coated soda lime glass (Mo/SLG) substrates, using physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique, resembling only the first stage of the typical 3-stage growth process of CIGS thin film. The Mo thin films were sputtered on SLG substrates using DC planar magnetron sputtering at working gas (Ar) pressure that varies from 0.6 mT to 16 mT. The...
Solar cells based on chalcopyrite Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers show the highest potential for low-cost solar electricity by yielding comparable efficiencies to polycrystalline Si wafer-based cells, while also offering inherent advantages of thin-film technology for cost reduction.Highest efficiency of 20.3% was recently achieved on rigid glass substrate. Deposition of CIGS films onto flexible...
Copper indium sulfide (CIS) solar cells with Ag/CIS/TiO2/FTO/glass structure were fabricated by non-vacuum methods. The nanoporous TiO2 and nanocrystalline CIS films were prepared by screen-printing and spray pyrolysis techniques, respectively. The obtained films were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The solar cell properties were characterized under...
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