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The non-iterative algorithm that reveals the general physical basis of measuring processes and instrumental (computer) computations is proposed and investigated. The algorithm is based on the previously proposed postulate and consists in finding the optimal, locally defined width of the averaging interval. The optimal width of the interval provides the smallest error when measuring or computing the...
Fault component protection possesses excellent performance, which widely used as fast protection in Smart Grid. However, the traditional extracting method of fault component causes obvious unbalanced outputs during power oscillation. As a result, fault component protection must be blocked during power oscillation, thus its application is restricted. In this paper, a method to improve the accuracy...
RF probe measurements are widely used for characterizing circuits in the millimeter-wave frequency range. Especially above 200 GHz the large dimensions of the RF probe, in comparison to the wavelength, lead to parasitic effects which will effect the device under test. Since the measurement is influenced by the electro-magnetic coupling between probe tip and the test structures on the substrate, the...
This paper presents a new method to measure a rotor speed using a smartphone camera. An image processing algorithm is proposed to measure the rotation speed, based on the periodic detection of a mark placed on the rotor. Experiments demonstrate our method can estimate rotor speed with a good precision, provided that the camera frame rate is high enough. The method could be very useful for periodic...
This paper presents some aspects on measurements of radiated emission from a Laptop. The used Standards are presented and discussed. The measurements were carried out in a Semi-Anechoic Chamber (SAC) in accordance with EN 55022 (CISPR 22) Standard. The test arrangement was in accordance with IEC 61000-4-3 Standard and the following equipment was included: reception antenna, signal generator and emission...
A flat terahertz transmitarray with a two-layer element is investigated. The proposed element can provide 360° phase coverage with a transmission coefficient better than −3.52 dB at 250GHz. Then a transmitarray based on the element is designed with a low focal-to-diameter ratio of 0.3. Simulation results reveal that the transmitarray has large backward radiation. A WR-03 open-ended waveguide with...
Participation of electromagnetic compatibility testing laboratories in proficiency tests is a recommended practice for the purpose of assuring the quality of test results. Participation to proficiency tests is mandatory for laboratories accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 [1]. However a proficiency test can be successfully organized and completed only if the measurement method in the scope of the proficiency...
The determining problem of several fracton mixture srtucture of materials grinding in the gas jet mill is considered. The problem is solved by comparing the standard deviation of the standart power spectral density of acoustics signals of individual fractions and of the mixture ones.
The antenna tilting has not been specifically mentioned in the EMC product standards which include radiated emission test. However, CISPR 16-4-2 standard, which is the reference for the measurement uncertainty calculations of the radiated emission test in these standards, shows that directivity difference parameter changes according to using antenna tilt feature. The reproducibility of the tests gets...
In standard power cycling tests, forward conduction generates heat in the die and therefore the ther-momechanical stress in the package. In application, however, a significant part of the power losses are switching losses, so that the load current is lower than in standard power cycling test, for an equal temperature swing. A new concept for power cycling tests is presented, which allows the generation...
Inter-laboratory comparisons are important to evaluate the capabilities of EMC test laboratories. In this contribution, we present a device for such comparisons which is able to assess the test capabilities of a laboratory according to the IEC 61000-4-3 standard. The device is intended to be tested as a normal EUT. It is equipped with appropriate detecting mechanisms that record all important parameters...
Phasor Measurement Units have become more and more interesting for monitoring applications in distribution grids. For a large exploitation in medium and low voltage networks, however, a limited cost is required. Such specification, however, should not impact excessively the accuracy requirements, as it is expected that automatic control functionalities will run based on state estimation algorithms,...
In this paper, the effect of the antenna height (constant or variable) was analyzed during inter-laboratory comparisons (ILCs) for radiated emission (RE) test. The electric field strength that is radiated from an electronic device is measured on RE test. The measured values are can be differential depending on some variables. Measurement distance between receiving antenna and product to be tested...
The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is a modern instrument that measures magnitude, phase angle, frequency and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) from voltage and current signals in electric networks. It is designed to be used in the monitoring and control of electric transmission systems. For each measurement, the PMU assigns a timestamp from an accurate time source; in this way, it is possible to...
Innovation technology provides a new way of living including the use of mobile devices. Mobile devices are almost always present in the daily live of global communities now. These Information Technology Eqipments (ITE) products usually remain in ‘standby mode’ for the whole day. It is necessary to perform the electromagnetic fields testing to these ITE products in order to examine the electromagnetic...
The reproducibility of the Absorber Lined Shielded Enclosure (ALSE) radiated emission test method, defined in the standard CISPR 25, is evaluated through an interlaboratory comparison (ILC). The ILC started on September 2016 and concluded on February 2017. Nineteen data sets have been received. The investigated frequency range is from 1 MHz to 1000 MHz. The most critical (worst reproducibility) frequency...
In this paper, signal integrity (SI) and EMI aspects of a novel Flyover Quad Small Form Factor Pluggable (Flyover QSFP) connector is compared to a traditional QSFP connector which are used in 28/56 Gb/s applications. The flyover technique can overcome the limitation of high insertion loss associated with standard surface mount QSFP connectors that use PCB Microstrip traces. In flyover QSFP, substituting...
This paper presents the uncertainty analysis of circular iris waveguide verification standard for the vector network analyzer measurements at millimeter frequencies. In particular, the uncertainty contributions due to the fabrication process of circular waveguide in the iris section are discussed. The work involves the standard uncertainty computation for transmission scattering parameter (S-parameter)...
An ongoing commitment to reducing undesired physical phenomena, typical of radiated emission tests at frequencies lower than 30 MHz, has led to several revisions of the standards and to different approaches for civil, military and aeronautical applications and devices with internal combustion engines. This made it impossible to compare results from different sectors and across different versions of...
According to the problem of high cost of standard apparatuses and complex operating for the traditional AC current measurement, this paper introduces a method to measure the AC current with high performance which is based on using digitizing system and the AC-DC difference calculable resistance. Compared verification tests indicate a maximum deviation of 2.3 × 10−5 between the digital sampling measurement...
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