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The QARTOD methodology of a standard sequential string of tests on individual measurements has high applicability to constrained data systems. The QARTOD methodology has the benefit of a coherent and replicable test structure that enables relatively easy expansion into new measurements. However, as data streams become more complex the series of tests described becomes increasingly difficult to analyse...
The Trustful Space-Time Protocol (TSTP) allows for time synchronization to be performed upon receiving any message from another node in a sensor network, removing the need for explicit synchronization messages. Previous work has shown that TSTP performs well under controlled experimental environments. In this work, we analyze how the quality of synchronization in TSTP is affected when nodes are communicating...
A technique to measure the human skin emissivity in vivo is described for the frequency band 80–100 GHz. Emissivity measurements were performed on 60 participants, 35 males and 25 females, with ages ranging from 20 to 60 years. Results show that the emissivity of males is higher than that of females. The study suggests a trend in the emissivities with age and gender, which might be due to variations...
The paper presents the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Simulator and its usage for designing the forest fire early detection system. The WSN Simulator is developed based on proposed Sensor model and WSN model. The WSN Simulator address important design issues as: coverage of the area under surveillance in relation to initial sensor deployment, number of sensors needed for targeted deployment, and coverage...
In many real-life situations, we know the upper bound of the measurement errors, and we also know that the measurement error is the joint result of several independent small effects. In such cases, due to the Central Limit Theorem, the corresponding probability distribution is close to Gaussian, so it seems reasonable to apply the standard Gaussian-based statistical techniques to process this data...
The paper deals with the on-line monitoring system integrated by the Italian TSO (Terna S.p.A.) in the HV substations. Arose from the long experience achieved, the latest integrated system is the SMOAT (acronym for Monitoring System for HV, in Italian). Infrastructure introduced by the online monitoring system, integrated into the Terna's existing expert systems (PSE, MBI) are also presented as well...
Thermal dissipation is a major concern in microelectronics, especially for compact packages and 3D circuits where the dense stacking of thin silicon layers leads to a significant increase of heat densities. Direct hybrid bonding is considered as one of the most promising technologies for future 3D-ICs. Its face-to-face structure allows significant inter-connexion capabilities but it also implies increased...
The architecture of a software-driven testbed is discussed. The test setup has been developed as measurement and instrumentation system to functionally verify and thermally validate the communication subsystems designed and manufactured for the nanosatellite applications. The system is applied for qualification of a communications subsystem currently under consideration for ZA-CUBE-2 mission.
In standard power cycling tests, forward conduction generates heat in the die and therefore the ther-momechanical stress in the package. In application, however, a significant part of the power losses are switching losses, so that the load current is lower than in standard power cycling test, for an equal temperature swing. A new concept for power cycling tests is presented, which allows the generation...
In the article the questions of application of the so-called technology of “Internet of things”. Analysis of the content and prospects of the development. Systematized and generalized information security of this technology, feasible solutions to existing problems. Detailed considered the triad of information security — confidentiality, integrity, availability.
Industry standards, including IEEE 112, have for many years characterized the component losses of three-phase induction motors as primary and secondary I2R, core, friction and windage, and stray load loss. The definitions of each of the losses, as epitomized in IEEE 112, guarantee that a significant part of the losses will be characterized as stray load loss. It also guarantees that the secondary...
Although it has been demonstrated that the SiGe HBTs can achieve faster unloaded circuit speed at cryogenic temperature than at room temperature, modelling of the SiGe HBTs at low temperature has been limited. It is known that the standard SPICE models of bipolar transistor are effective and guarantee the valid results only up to a temperature of minus 100°C. Therefore, in this paper an accurate and...
The earth-observing hyperspectral imager, HISUI (Hyper-spectral Imager SUIte), which is currently under development, has a wide spectral range from 0.4 μm to 2.5 μm, and the radiance of the copper point is insufficient for sensor calibration in the wavelength range shorter than 0.55 μm. This is in contrast to the predecessor sensor (ASTER), whose shortest band is 0.56 μm. To cover the short wavelength...
Plasmon resonance based biosensors are considered as one of the most sensitive bio detection methods, in which the sensitivity is of the order of a single biomolecule due to extremely high enhancement of the electromagnetic field. Although established metal plasmonic biosensors are extremely sensitive, they suffer from integration issues due to non-compatibility to standard semiconductor fabrication...
The smart electricity meter (SEM) is important in our life, so consumers and manufacturers pay more attention to its reliability. In order to evaluate the performance of SEM, we must spend a lot of time censoring its status. For example, if we want to assess to the SEM reliability, it may take several years at least according to the standards. So accelerated degradation testing (ADT) and accelerated...
In view of reducing the process development cycle times with plausible time-to-market goals, it is of great demands to speed up the assessment pace, but at the same time not to jeopardize for the high level of quality requirements. Highly robust designs and process margins are the key differentiators and should be enforced in particular for the automotive markets. In this work, development of the...
The article reviews the design of modern smart sensors and popular service-oriented protocols for sensor communication. Most standards limit potentiality useful features achievable by communication. We present the approach of utilizing a service-oriented architecture to enhance smart capabilities of sensors and increase reliability and functionality of distributed systems. Several examples are discussed.
This paper describes the method of measuring the radar displacement alignment hydroelectric dams, as an alternative to the optical method. It is to measure changes in the distance between the measuring markers disposed on the dam body, and radar. The dependence of the dam body displacement of the filling level of the reservoir HPP. The description and energy calculation of the system, taking with...
This paper summarizes the work performed by the authors on development of the sensor network for thermal parameters measurements, as well as structure health monitoring in modern buildings. The described work was carried out as a part of a workpackage within the EC FP7 project SESBE.
In order to reduce measure standard uncertainty and achieve precise calibration of Port Quick Leak Detector in different temperatures under full range, the special calibration apparatus was designed on basis of theoretical studies. This apparatus consists of pressure standard leak system, calibration system, temperature control system, gas supply and pump system. Pressure standard leak system is made...
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