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Sleep apnea can be characterized by reductions in the respiratory tidal volume. Previous studies showed that the tidal volume can be estimated from tracheal sounds and movements called tracheal signals. Additionally, tracheal sounds include the sounds of snoring, a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea. This study investigates the feasibility of estimating the severity of sleep apnea, as quantified...
Airflow is the reference signal to assess sleep respiratory disorders, such as sleep apnea. Previous studies estimated airflow using tracheal sounds in short segments with specific airflow rates, while requiring calibration or a few breaths for tuning the relationship between sound energy and airflow. Airflow−sound relationship can change by posture, sleep stage and airflow rate or tidal volume. We...
Snoring is common in the general population and the irregularity could lead to the presence of Obstructive sleep apnea. Diagnosis of OSA could therefore be made by snoring sound analysis. However, there is still a shortage of robust methods to automatically detect snoring sounds without the need to calibrate for every individual. In this paper, a novel method based on neural network is proposed to...
Rostral fluid shift during sleep from the lower body part into the neck can increase neck circumference (NC) and narrow the upper airway. Such narrowing in the upper airway may increase turbulence of airflow passing through the upper airway; thus, induce snoring. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of changes in NC during sleep on snoring sound characteristics. Fifteen non-obese...
The convenience of torus automorphism is widely used in network security, data encryption, image watermarking and pattern recognition. This paper presents an implementation and synthesis of FPGA based multimedia image encryption technique by 2D torus automorphism. The proposed computational algorithm of 2D torus automorphism is simple as only three addition and two multiplication logic operations...
2D Convolution is the most convenient method to analyze digital image and video processing and has a variety of digital image processing applications such as edge detection, image enhancement, image segmentation, smoothing or blurring an image and can be applied to video processing on the basis of frame by frame for motion detection. Though the computational complexity of 2D convolution is comparatively...
Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is a vastly used control algorithm for many real-time control applications and among many types of PID controller, FPGA based PID controller is one of the effective one. This paper is based on design and implementation of a FPGA based system for a modified C-Type PID control system algorithm. The modified C-Type algorithm is used to attain a stable...
Normalized cut based image segmentation has a variety of applications in the area of image compression, medical imaging, mapping and measurements. But, the computational complexity of conventional normalized cut algorithm based on generalized eigenvalue problem is high. In this study, we proposed a simplified normalized cut algorithm using graph partitioning method for image segmentation. The computational...
Dimensional stability in terms of spirality is one of the major problems of knitted fabrics. It is very essential to control the spirality by controlling different parameters behind this in order to maintain the proper quality of textile products during uses. In this paper a fuzzy control system is proposed to observe the impact of spirality with respect to four parameters such as yarn count, yarn...
The Hummingbird algorithm is applied in secure systems like RFID tags, wireless sensor nodes and smart integrated circuits. Hummingbird is a lightweight algorithm which consists of block cipher of 256-bit key and encrypts a 16bit data in one operation. In this paper, a block cipher for hummingbird algorithm is designed and implemented over Spartan-2 FPGA. The encryption and decryption unit are designed...
FlexRay is a widely used communication protocol is used in vehicle to interconnect the equipment of vehicle. The interconnections of components in vehicle get more complex in modern cars as the advancement of new technology. This leads to enormous pressure in the FlexRay protocol to correctly maintain the overload of data. So, the need of self-testability is demanded more in modern times. Built-In-Self-Test...
Air conditioners and air conditioning system are now an essential part of almost every building and institution. They consume a significant part of total energy consumption. Studies suggest that in locations like auditoriums, indoor stadiums and conference halls, air conditioning can contribute as much as 75% of total energy intake. Even in homes and offices, energy consumed by air conditioners is...
Hypovolemia is a dangerous and acute disease for mankind which results form a decreased level of blood volume or a loss of blood. In extreme case, it can cause an irreversible cellular damage which can cause death. In this paper, a fuzzy control system is proposed to detect this hypovolemia class level. The four classes of hypovolemia can be detected by this proposed system for adult persons. This...
The Serial-Peripheral Interface (SPI) protocol is one of the important bus protocols for connecting with peripheral devices form microprocessor. The complexity of the circuits has aroused with the enormous advancement of IC technology. So, in order to lessen the product failure self-testability in hardware is demanded a lot in recent times. The necessity of self-testability will lead to a solution...
Diabetes Mellitus mostly known as ??Diabetes?? is a worldwide common and serious health issue. Across the world approximately 175 million people at present are with diabetes and this will increase to 366 million by the year 2030 according to World Health Organization statistics. People suffering from diabetes are solely dependent on exact blood glucose concentration information. Glucometer is a device...
The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) protocol is used to attach two devices for communicating with each other in a fast way excluding data losses. With the fast development of Integrated Circuits (ICs) technology, the complication of the circuits has also raised. Therefore, the complexity of the circuit requires self-testability in hardware to palliate the product failure. Built-in-self-test (BIST)...
With the rapid growth of Integrated Circuits (ICs) technology, the complexity of the circuits has also increased. As a result, the complexity of the circuit demands self-testability in hardware to mitigate the product failure. Built-in-self-test (BIST) is such a technique which can meet the demand of self-testability with an effective solution over costly circuit testing system. This paper represents...
FPGAs are increasingly being promoted in signal processing applications with their tractability, parallelism, high speed, and fast time-to-market. Digital filter is one of the important contents of digital signal process. The characteristic of frequency selection in lower order in comparison with FIR, IIR digital filter is widely applied in modern signal processing systems. Hardware description languages...
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