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A new numerical current differential relay that operates by digital communication over metallic pilot circuits has been developed, allowing utilities to re-use their existing pilot-wire protection signalling infrastructure while introducing the benefits of numerical relay technology. Sophisticated techniques were applied to achieve digital communication over metallic pilots without the use of modems...
Pilot-wire differential relays have a long track-record of providing effective and reliable protection for overhead lines and underground cables in many parts of the world. The conventional analogue or electromechanical types are, however, limited in that they cannot provide the high performance and advanced features which have become commonplace in modern digital protection systems. The authors have...
This paper describes the field experience and assessment of a GPS signal receiving and distribution system for synchronizing power system protection, control and monitoring. Application of GPS synchronization to protection, control and monitoring systems is becoming more popular in the field of power systems. However, the actual performance and reliability of GPS signal receipt within the substation...
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