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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are being a potential technology for application in solar energy and photovoltaic processes. Its light harvesting and photocurrent generation are highly dependent on the nanostructured semiconductor film and the mode of dye adsorption. The N-doped TiO2 with mesoporous structure, which synthesized through one step templating sol gel method using amine group containing...
The synthesis of NiMo/Al2O3 nanocatalyst by the method of supercritical deposition using carbon dioxide and methanol was conducted and its activity was investigated as the function of conversion and selectivity. The results of the physical and chemical characterization techniques (adsorption-desorption of nitrogen, oxygen chemisorption, XRD, TEM, and TPR) demonstrated high and uniform dispersion of...
Summary form only given. For chemical reactions occurring on the surfaces, e.g., catalysis and photocatalysis, design and fabrication of structures in two different scales, i.e., angstrom/nanometer and micrometer ranges. The former regulates the adsorption and surface reaction of molecules, while the latter gives influence on the diffusion and mechanical strength of the material. In order to control...
Here we present a method for trace detection of explosives in the gas phase using novel surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy substrates. Novel substrates that produce an exceptionally large enhancement of the Raman effect were used to amplify the Raman signal of explosives molecules adsorbed onto the substrate. The substrates were fabricated in a cleanroom process which only requires...
The growing needs of fossil fuel energy pose a great challenge in the control of CO2 emissions in our atmosphere. Adsorption can be considered to be one of the more promising methods for CO2 capture. In the present work, graphite nanoplatets were prepared by acid intercalation followed by exfoliation technique. These graphite nanoplatelets were further functionalized and characterized by different...
We present a theoretical model for electrical double layers formed by ion adsorption in nanoscale carbon pores. In this work a combination of computational methods, including first-principles and classical modeling, are used to explain the onset of an anomalous increase in capacitance for small pores. The study highlights the key role played by pore curvature and nanoconfinement on the capacitance...
Traditionally, low-powered, room temperature sensing of gaseous hydrogen (H2) is difficult. With renewed interest in H2 as a source of energy, there is a need for reliable, energy-efficient sensors. A potential solution can be found in using surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, which have been implemented as passive, wireless RFID tag-sensors. Thus, in concept, it is advantageous to develop a SAW...
The cationic polymer/bentonite nanocomposite adsorption materials were prepared by cationic polymer-epicholorohydrin-dimethylamine (EPI-DMA) and dimethyldlammonium (PDMDAAC) as intercalary reagents, respectively; then the adsorption performance for p-chlorophenol (p-CP) were discussed. The results indicated that the adsorption ability of cationic polymer/bentonites for p-CP increased with the increase...
A microscopic theory of dielectric properties of symmetrical ultrathin molecular films, was formulated in bosonic and nearest-neighbor approximation. The dispersion law of harmonic exciton states were calculated using the method of two-time, temperature dependent Green's functions. It has been shown that two types of excitations can be occurred: bulk and surface exciton states. Exciton spectral weights...
The self-assembly adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the hybrid surface including the discontinuous gold nano film and silica under liquid condition was studied in situ by atomic force microscope (AFM) at room temperature. To investigate the adsorption of BSA on silica and gold nano film simultaneously, the surface with discontinuous gold nano film and visible blank block on silica by physical...
Silicon nanowhisker (NW) growth was investigated by Monte Carlo simulation. Dependence of NW growth rate on radius R was obtained. Growth rate was found to be proportional to 1/R2 for diffusion growth mode and radius independent for adsorption mode.
A novel photocatalyst (Bi20TiO32) was synthesized by chemical solution decomposition (CSD) and it was calcined at the temperature of 300??C. It exists in nanosheets with a diameter around 90 nm. The as-prepared Bi20TiO32 is visible-light responsive (up to 500nm in wavelength) without sacrificing its ability for absorbing UV light. The specific activity of Bi20TiO32 is higher than anatase TiO2 under...
A critical issue in bioelectrochemical applications, that use electrodes modified by nanomaterials, like enzyme sensor modified by single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), is to ensure high activity of the active center of an immobilized enzyme protein. Since flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) along with other amino residues, including His559, Glu412 and His516, constitute the active center of the catalytic...
In this work wettability and adsorption of OH- groups and H2O particles on the surface of TiO2 thin films doped with different concentration of Tb have been described. Thin films were manufactured by magnetron sputtering process. The particles were sputtered from metallic Ti-Tb target under low pressure of oxygen gas. The results of structural investigation (X-ray diffraction measurements) have shown...
The following topics are dealt with: magnetron sputtering system; zinc oxide nanocrystals; thin films; polymer coatings; semiconductor gas sensors; atomic layer deposition; atomic force microscope; high-k dielectrics; adsorption; and wettability.
Research on treatment for chloride of desulphurization wastewater by nano-TiO2 is conducted and based on nano-TiO2 dioxide characteristics of adsorption and photo-catalysis. Some affecting factors on the removal efficiency were also studied, such as different dosage, mixing time, pH value of the solution and light time. The catalysis mechanisms of nano-TiO2 on chloride removal efficiency were discussed...
In this work nanocrystalline titanium dioxide thin films doped with Eu have been presented. Structural investigation results have shown that amount of Eu in TiO2 matrix has meaningful influence on properties of the thin films, particularly on TiO2 phase and grain sizes. Our measurements have shown that Eu increases photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Eu also has high influence on adsorption of OH- groups...
To further enrich aluminum content in coal fly ash so as to reduce the cost of it as a resource for industrial aluminum extraction, a novel process was developed to separate silicon from the rest of fly ash. The process was conducted by treating the coal fly ash with high concentration sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve silicon as sodium silicate at room temperature under atmosphere. The sodium...
SnO2 nanocrystals (6 nm) were prepared by a wet chemical route and heat-treated at 500degC. The nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, conductometric measurements and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The results, interpreted with the aid of molecular modeling carried out in the frame of the Density Functional Theory (DFT), indicated that the nanocrystals contain topographically...
In this work the effect of ambient influence on the electrical conductivity of ZnO films has been studied. Nanostructured ZnO films (undoped and Ga, Co, Mn doped) were exposed to oxygen (1-80 vol.%) at temperature range 300-500degC. A dominant effect of ambient influence via oxygen absorption was observed: the intensity of conductivity decrease was found to be proportional with temperature and tends...
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