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This paper proposes a Hybrid Routing(HR) using ZigBee Tree Routing(ZTR) and Shortcut Tree Routing(STR). ZTR transmits a data through the parent node and the child node, and STR transmits a data to neighbor node which has the smallest number of hops toward the destination node in the neighbor table. On the other hand, HR method uses either ZTR or STR method according to situation of collision of CAP...
To guarantee the required quality of service and quality of experience in Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), the server must have the required capacity and resources to serve all the clients' requests. One of the most important resources is the bandwidth. The flexibility of IPTV services which provide users to stream multimedia contents at anytime and anywhere they want makes the demand for video-on-demand...
Bandwidth is one of the characteristics that is used to measure network performance. In this paper, we present a Unicast Bandwidth Efficiency Routing Algorithm (UBERA) for mobile devices that are streaming video contents from a video server. The algorithm can adapt to different number of mobile devices with different level of mobility and different location. Routing decisions are based on the availability...
Routing schemes in Delay Tolerant Networks depend on the intermediate nodes to carry messages till the forwarding of the messages to other nodes or delivery of the messages to their destinations. Thus, efficient and faster spreading of messages is essential to reduce the delay of sending a message from source to destination. In this work, we aim to design a new agent aided routing scheme in Delay...
Due to the progress of network multimedia technology, a majority of real-time multimedia applications need multicast communication to transmit information. These applications require a multicast routing protocol in which packets arrive to multicast receptors within a specified QOS guaranteed. D2V-RPS's problem (delay and delay variation RP Selection) consists in choosing an optimal multicast router...
This paper examines different traffic splitting strategies for multipath IP networks. The question is whether today's widely deployed algorithms perform well in all situations. We have implemented in a simulator and analyzed different well-known algorithms. Throughout our study several kinds of traffic traces have been used: real ones captured at backbones as well as at access networks, and specially...
The single message ferry routing scheme works well in the small scale clustered DTNs (Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks). However, as the increasing of the network scale, this scheme will lead to high delay. To solve this problem, a hierachical multiple ferries routing scheme (HMFRS) was proposed in this paper. In this scheme, a message ferry and a ferry access point are deployed in each DTN cluster,...
Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are occasionally-connected networks. They have high latency, long queuing time, limited resources and intermittent connectivity, which are different from traditional networks. Message Ferry (MF) scheme provides efficient data delivery for DTNs. In the MF scheme, nodes move proactively to send and receive messages. In this paper, we propose a ferry routing scheme for...
The message deliveries based on the store-carry-forward routing schemes, such as Epidemic Routing(ER), are one of useful methods for communication under challenged environments. However, these methods commonly have their own limitations in reach ability of messages to destinations and scalability. For example, as the distance to the destination increases, the delivery delay of a message between source...
The field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is undergoing a major revolution, opening the prospect of significant impact in many application areas (safety, health, environment, food safety, manufacturing, telecommunications. Routing isfundamental such a network because there is no infrastructure that manages the information exchanged between network nodes. Two major classes of routing algorithms are...
This paper analyses the performance of a new routing protocol for vehicular delay-tolerant networks, called GeoSpray. This geographic routing protocol performs a store-carry-and-forward, combining replication and forwarding/ routing decisions based on location information, with explicit delivery acknowledgments to improve network resources utilization. The performance of the proposed routing protocol...
In recent years, social interest in viewing consumer-generated media (CGM) contents has been rapidly growing, so their network traffic has been increasing considerably. To cope with this new increase in network traffic, we propose a tag caching router (TCR) architecture that supports folksonomies-based search and content caching for CGM content. Folksonomies are key words or metadata attached to the...
Bus Net is a kind of wireless network which is consist of buses and bus stations. It has the following features: 1) no end-to-end connection between source and destination, 2) intermittent connectivity, 3) high end-to-end delays. However, unlike the other DTNs, the node's mobility in Bus Net is semi-deterministic, which means the node's line is determined but the arriving time is undetermined. With...
Delay tolerant networks are intermittently connected. In this paper, we propose a DTN routing scheme EBR. The scheme is based on the idea of exploiting inter-contact time between mobile nodes to predict the number of nodes with no copy a node will encounter within the expected delay. In EBR, every node with message copies dynamically chooses the number of copies by itself. We evaluate the performance...
Recently, there has been much excitement in the research on how to overcome the problem of stale routes in DSDV. Although a number of schemes have been proposed, they improve the packet delivery ratio at the expense of the routing overhead and end-to-end delay. In this paper, we propose a new improvement on DSDV. The improved DSDV(Imp-DSDV) protocol can improve the packet delivery ratio without any...
Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are considered as a sub directory of MANET which are consisted of Mesh Routers and Mesh Clients. The innovative ideas to conquer the problems in case of routing in a WMN platform are key points that can potentially increase the throughput of the network in different scenarios. The protocols introduced by IEEE 802.11s draft are divided into Proactive, Reactive or Hybrid...
Energy saving is important for many wireless devices. In a multi-hop wireless network with multiple sessions, XOR network coding can be applied to opposite traffic flows so as to reduce the number of packet transmissions, which in turn reduce transmission energy. Such a change in packet forwarding, however, impacts the design of traffic routing. Traditional routing algorithms, which typically aim...
This paper evaluates the applicability to WMNs of dynamic backpressure routing strategies, which theoretically maximize throughput but can result in high end-to-end delays. We present a distributed and (quasi-)stateless routing protocol called DiPUMP (forwarDIng of Packets for distribUted resource consuMPtion). Unlike the theoretical form of the backpressure algorithm, DiPUMP does not require a centralized...
For sensor networks, the extension of operating time by controlling power consumption is an important research subject. In a receiver-driven communication protocol, a receiver node transmits its ID to the sender node periodically, and in response the sender node sends an acknowledgment. The average power consumption of the network can be controlled, but a part of the network shuts down when the battery...
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