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Hair cells are thought to be passive transduction systems able to convert a mechanical pulse in an electrical signal. In this paper, we have investigated the polyelectrolyte properties of actin filaments which in interaction with myosin motor proteins represent basic participants in mechano-electrical transduction in the stereocilia, mechanosensing organelles of hair cells. We have elaborated a biophysical...
The tonic postural system guarantees the stability of the human body in upright stance and during locomotion. It is considered as a complex organization which involves several internal systems and has multiple sources of information. In this paper, we provide a review of techniques and materials for human stability assessment. The primary tools to record and evaluate human sways in static posture...
The main objective of the presented work is to do a preliminary sensitivity analysis of the simplified neuromusculoskeletal model of the human middle finger that we have already developed [1], [2]. The importance of this study is to improve the model by well estimating internal parameters, which are the most affecting the model output, and by adapting it to each individual. The sensitivity analysis...
Octopus arm has dexterous grasping capabilities due to their muscular hydrostatic skeletal structure, but too many degrees of freedom and soft tissue cause numerous difficulties to bionic octopus's arm in modelling and controlling. The Cosserat theory is used to establish the space coordinate system of the particle for tendon-driven flexible manipulator, analysis of cable force and establishing an...
The amount of stroke patients has been raising year by year. The traditional treatment supplies the patients with some drugs combining with physical rehabilitation methods. However, in the course of rehabilitation therapy, the recovery of patients often is limited by the level and experience of the therapists. Furthermore, the rehabilitation therapy is uasually lack of scientific and accurate assessments...
A novel model of heterogeneous multiple dynamic agent systems is established, which describes the chasing process between a group of agents and their quarries. In the model, the group is modeled based on inter-individual attraction and repulsion, that is, each individual can neither move away from the whole group nor get too close to other members. Moreover, two functions are introduced to reveal...
A virtual reality program has been developed to assess the strength and flexibility of a computer based model of a term fetus or newborn baby's neck. The software has a haptic/force feedback user interface which allows clinical experts to adjust the mechanical properties, including range of motion and mechanical stiffness of a newborn neck model, at runtime. The developed software was assessed by...
This article demonstrates a novel robot applied in the Chinese Traditional Medicine clinical teaching area. As an effective therapy towards cervical spondylosis, the rotation-traction manipulation has been adopted extensively in clinical. However, medical malpractice may occur due to the lack of clinical experience. Therefore, it is crucial to design a simulation robot for practice purpose and evaluate...
In recent years, medical robotics has grown continuously beginning to be used in more new areas. Robots were designed with the ability of steering special needles especially for biopsy and brachytherapy procedures. In this paper is determined and analyzed the puncture force and tissues deformation during needle insertion in a robotic biopsy procedure. The experimental set-up used to determine tissue...
This paper presents the sliding mode control of vehicle occupant-seat frame on front- and rear-end collisions. A three degrees of freedom occupant model is derived and used to develop a sliding mode control algorithm which works along with other safety restraint systems in order to reduce the injury level of the occupants' head and chest as well as safety belt force and neck torque. Simulation results...
The fundamental role of the cerebellum in motor learning explains the deficits of cerebellar patients in adaptation to a changing environment. For example, lesions to the cerebellar cortex compromise performance during tasks like reaching a target under a force field perturbation. However, the exact relationship between neural damages and misbehaviors still needs to be clarified. To this aim, it could...
In recent years in Japan, over half of all workers suffered from lower back pain. This has become a social problem that needs to be addressed. To reduce its occurrence, we developed a flexible, high-output waist assist suit called “AB-Wear” in a previous study. The AB-Wear suit can assist human motion and reduce muscular fatigue of the waist. However, the assistive forces of the device generate compressive...
Like level-ground walking, biological experiments have shown that humans largely maintain compliant leg behavior during slope walking, which greatly reduces the mechanical cost of transportation. Nowadays biped robots are becoming more and more functional on irregular terrains, yet no theoretical model can describe explicitly the cause of the characteristic ground reaction force (GRF) patterns observed...
In this paper, the sample deformation caused by the probe-sample interaction during atomic force microscopy (AFM) contact mode (CM) imaging of live cells is analyzed and quantified. CM is the most commonly used imaging approach for live cell topography characterization. However, due to the intrinsic softness of live cell membrane, the sample deformation caused by the probe-sample interaction leads...
A FEM simulation of AFM indentation of soft biomaterials was made in ANSYS based on five-parameter hyperelastic Mooney Rivlin model. The simulation result shows that: The finite thickness film behavior is stiffer than the thicker film at larger indentations.
This paper shows a detailed modeling process for a hexacopter, taking as a control variables, the force and torques actuating on the vehicle. It also shows the hexacopter equilibrium manifold, with some numerical results that evidence the symmetry along the x and y axis. Finally, a nonlinear optimal control problem is formulated in order to see the hexacopter maneuverability capabilities, showing...
Various local optimization techniques such as Interior Point Algorithm have been widely used to optimize the parameters of models representing biodynamic responses to vibration. The quality of the obtained solutions depends on the initial guesses. This paper presents a comparison between the performance of Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm in optimizing the parameters of a human body...
In the past, a large number of material models for Sn-based solder alloys have been proposed, which are usually calibrated based on the material testing under isothermal the conditions. However, their ability to map the lifetime differences depending on the temperature rate under the field and test-lab conditions, as well as on the mean operating temperature, is still not completely investigated and...
Optimization is a procedure of finding an optimal solution from the feasible search space. In single-objective optimization, the solution gets improved iteratively based on the objective function value. But, most of the real-world problems involve more than one objective. In such situation, many solutions are optimal which are known as Pareto-optimal solutions. In this paper, we aim to solve one real-world...
This study aims to verify the accuracy of a cervical traction therapy simulation model by comparing the intervertebral separations of six normal male adults when traction applied to their cervical spines. The subjects were tested on two mechanical traction devices, representing the inclined and sitting positions. Radiographic images of their cervical spines were taken before, during and after traction...
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