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When oceangoing ships become disabled at sea, the process of establishing an emergency towing connection using conventional methods can be extremely dangerous, especially in heavy weather, low light, or low visibility conditions. The responding towing vessel must position itself beneath, or near to, the flare of the disabled ship's bow while a towline is hauled vertically to the fo'c'sle deck. This...
The decisional capability of robotic systems has expended significantly in recent years. Their validation typically implies expensive and laborious test campaigns in the field. Part of the validation could use simulation means, but there is currently no systematic method to test robots in virtual worlds. This work aims to provide such a method. We discuss the challenges regarding the definition of...
Emergency protection of objects in the process of testing and functioning should respond to a wide range of abnormal situations: malfunctions, which can be eliminated during testing; emergency situations that can be eliminated in the operational mode, or require the shutdown of the process and the elimination of the consequences of the accident; catastrophic situations that require an a priori reaction...
A large number of testing procedures have been developed to ensure vehicle safety in common and extreme driving situations. However, these conventional testing procedures are insufficient for testing autonomous vehicles. They have to handle unexpected scenarios with the same or less risk a human driver would take. Currently, safety related systems are not adequately tested, e.g. in collision avoidance...
When using formal verification on critical software, an important question involves whether we have we specified enough properties for a given implementation model. To address this question, coverage metrics for property-based formal verification have been proposed. Existing metrics are usually based on mutation, where the implementation model is repeatedly modified and re-analyzed to determine whether...
Fault injection testing approaches assess the reliability of execution environments for critical software. They support the early testing of safety concepts that mitigate the impact of hardware failures on software behavior. The growing use of platform software for embedded systems raises the need to verify safety concepts that execute on top of operating systems and middleware platforms. Current...
Modern systems are becoming ever more complex and, thus, the possibility of failures in their operation is also growing. The complexity makes it practically impossible to make the hardware and software error-free without the special effort invested in the design process. Recently, a design methodology with the objective to avoid unacceptable risk of physical injury or of damage to the health of people,...
In order to perform efficient testing of software intensive safety-critical products, organisations often utilise hardware-in-the-loop simulation of the system under test surrounding environment. This way, the system could be invoked and its behaviour could be observed in a controlled setting rather than in the field. However, what effect simulation quality might have on the effectiveness of the testing...
Safety-critical systems in domains such as aviation, railway, and automotive are often subject to a formal process of safety certification. The goal of this process is to ensure that these systems will operate safely without posing risks to the user, the public, or the environment [1]. It is typically expensive and time consuming for companies to certify their software. Therefore, any attempt to automate...
Learning natural disaster safety is important to equip human with awareness and preparedness if the disaster happens. Hurricane is an extreme and dangerous natural disaster which can cause loss of property and life. However, the disaster safety learning in Malaysia only covers flood, earthquake and fire. There is no safety learning to teach hurricane in Malaysia yet. Due to that, Malaysians are still...
In the early 1990s, the Modified Condition/Decision Coverage (MC/DC) criterion was suggested as a structural white-box testing approach, but it can also be used for black-box specification-based testing. Practical application of MC/DC for specification-based testing has its own unique features and sometimes is quite different from code-based applications. However, MC/DC as a black-box approach has...
This paper reveals that the standard test procedures for the qualification and verification of traction battery systems are not sufficient in certain cases. In fact, realistic and application-oriented tests on the interaction among the complex battery subsystems are inevitable. To achieve these objectives, a high-performance test bench with the unique selling features of a high voltage/- and current...
This paper is devoted to a problem of on-line testing efficiency in digital components of safety-related systems taking into account their design for operation in two modes: normal and emergency. Approach to increase of on-line testing method trustworthiness in checking of approximate results is offered. Approach is based on distinguishing of the essential and inessential errors caused by faults of...
This paper details the design of an autonomous vehicle CAD toolchain, which captures formal descriptions of driving scenarios in order to develop a safety case for an autonomous vehicle (AV). Rather than focus on a particular component of the AV, like adaptive cruise control, the toolchain models the end-to-end dynamics of the AV in a formal way suitable for testing and verification. First, a domain-specific...
The paper presents a framework for model-based testing of automotive distributed system and a method of automatic assignment of testing priorities used within the framework. The proposed method utilizes classifiers for automatic assignment of testing priorities to specific parts of the tested system. The paper also introduces a set of extraneous data accompanying the modeling language that are exploited...
In this paper example of architecture system for examination existing devices for visual perception of the environment in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems is analyzed and presented. An overview of modern testing techniques as well as the motivation for such a device development arises from the specific testing conditions, increased volume of testing embedded software and applied algorithms as well...
Joint E3 test procedures are being developed for DoD ordnance systems by the Joint Ordnance Commander's Group (JOCG). Originally tasked to develop Joint procedures for HERO (MIL-HDBK-240), the JOCG is writing procedures for all other E3 ordnance related tests. Recently, JOTP-062 was developed and approved to ensure common test methods for Personnel-Bourne Electrostatic Discharge (PESD) and Helicopter-Bourne...
Cyber physical Systems (CPS) are a key technology to enable the development of highly automated and autonomous maritime systems. The development of new complex and distributed safety-critical systems increases the challenges of testing due to a variety of Verification and Validation (V+V) methods, strictly required confidence to functional correctness of heterogenous cooperating systems and management...
In-field test of electronic devices is becoming increasingly important due to the wide adoption of electronic systems in safety-critical applications. Hence, it is crucial to devise and deploy effective solutions supporting the test during the operational phase of all the components of an electronic system, including the memory modules embedded in a SoC. Some key aspects include the possible reuse...
The ability to navigate in diverse and previously unknown environments is a critical service of autonomous robots. The validation of the navigation software typically involves test campaigns in the field, which are costly and potentially risky for the robot itself or its environment. An alternative approach is to perform simulation-based testing, by immersing the software in virtual worlds. A question...
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