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In recent years, there has been a shift from closed systems, with clearly defined borders, whose behavior is completely determined a priori, towards open systems. An open system is an independently developed system, which is able to communicate and cooperate with other open systems in an ad-hoc manner, at runtime. Moreover, due to their openness, such systems may be used in various contexts. Whenever...
Circuit Breaker (CB) reliability is needed to maintain the availability of power transmission system. However, its reliability decreases with time due to ageing process. In order to maintain availability of power system, PLN established a refreshment regulation of high voltage equipment. The refreshment criteria are based on technical, age, and risk consideration. This paper discusses parameters used...
SF6 Gas-Insulated Metal-Enclosed Transmission Line (GIL) has the advantages of large transmitting capacity, low loss, small electromagnetic pollution for surroundings, strong capability to resist geological disasters, easy operation and maintenance, etc. In-depth research on the key technology of UHV GIL insulating part design, flexible line design, line manufacturing and detection, GIL installing...
There is often more than one way to trigger a fault. Standard static and dynamic approaches focus on exhibiting a single witness for a failing execution. In this paper, we study the problem of computing a comprehensive characterization which safely bounds all failing program behavior while exhibiting a diversity of witnesses for those failures. This information can be used to facilitate software engineering...
This paper proposes optimal background modeling scheme for the cluttered scenes. The background initialization is the first step in the process of segmenting out moving information. Concrete background model ensures the proper segmentation of moving information from the scene. Each pixel is modeled as mixture of Gaussian. Using decision criteria, background/foreground pixels are differentiated. During...
Form ontology was built to complement the knowledge base of XReformer system, a system to generate web forms design automatically with case-based reasoning (CBR) approach. Case base is used to store cases of form design while the ontology is used to define forms and its elements and the relationship between them as well as between the elements itself. The ontology acts as a small-scale knowledge base...
The relations between trafïîc and transportation not only concern the general situation of socioeconomic development, but are also closely related to people's production and life. The 13th Five-year Plan Period is a decisive phase of comprehensively constructing a moderately prosperous society. Meanwhile, it is also an important period for comprehensively deepening traffic & transportation reform...
This paper describes how the use of an impact assessment reveals unknown information to project teams who conduct community engagement engineering projects in rural and distant villages. The paper depicts a “tried and tested” case study to describe how the impact assessment is done and the information revealed. The second phase of the Gwakwani project included the installation of off-grid solar home...
The article presents a typical construction of the roadway of the railway line on the Yamal Peninsula. Also presents are the provisions of an integrated method, taking into consideration geo-extreme conditions of the Russian Arctic Zone, containing the solutions aimed at operational reliability improvement of the railway line.
Maintenance for a fleet of aircraft can be viewed from a systems engineering perspective. Not only are the aircraft complex systems, the logistics of maintaining airworthy systems depend on resources such as technicians, parts, and support equipment. Support equipment which falls under the Test, Measurement, and Diagnostic Equipment (TMDE) category requires periodic calibration. The calibration process...
Automated Test Systems (ATSs) can join the Internet of Things (IoT) at multiple layers and benefit both the overall IoT concept as well as advance the goals of ATSs. Logistics and sustainment are traditionally brought into the IoT conversation through asset tracking, transportation, and Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS). However the IoT has additional aspects that can be related to logistics...
The paper describes the concepts and framework used to integrate various "Best of Breed" COTS products to provide a fully functional Diagnostic Aide suitable for commonly used ATE Architectures. It considers the interdependencies of the various ATML standards such as Test Description, UUT Description, UUT Instance and Test Results containing Maintenance Actions to highlight key diagnostic...
The distribution of data retention time of DRAM cells heavily dominates the refresh power consumption and fabrication yield. Although merely extending the single standard refresh period can effectively reduce the refresh power, however, it will incur more data retention faults (DRFs). In this paper, a novel sub-bank address remapping (SBAR) technique is proposed to cure this dilemma. Memory blocks...
The article raises the issues of improving the quality of servicing microprocessor systems of railway automatics and telemechanics. The analysis of algorithms and schemes of interaction between the operational state of the STC divisions and the MPC Ebilock 950 service centers showed the existence of some shortcomings that hamper improving the quality of servicing microprocessor devices. The alternative...
According to NFPA 70E, arc flash incidents occur five to ten times each day. The occurrence of an arc flash is the most serious fault within a power system. The destructive impact of an arc flash event can lead to severe injuries to operating personnel, costly damage to the switchgear, and to long outages of the system. Active arc elimination systems can mitigate the above-named consequences. They...
IEEE Std 1068-2015 for repair and rewinding electric motors has several modifications to the 2009 edition to make it more useful to users of electric machines. As well as general revisions, sections have been added to cover: Repair of synchronous machine rotors of all types; magnetic slot wedges; permanent magnet rotor machines; bearing currents on ASD driven motors; rehabilitating flooded motors...
Changes to safety critical systems are inevitable and can impact the safety confidence about a system as their effects can refute articulated claims about safety or challenge the supporting evidence on which this confidence relies. In order to maintain the safety confidence under changes, system developers need to re-analyse and re-verify the system to generate new valid items of evidence. Identifying...
At present, the lack of actual operation experience of the intelligent substation secondary system results in indeterminate maintenance strategy, time-consuming and laborious routing inspection, blindness in maintenance work and some other issues. Based on this, a comprehensive evaluation system of the operation quality of the secondary system is realized firstly. Secondly, the utility function is...
In the academic literature, many uses of the Object Constraint Language (OCL) have been proposed. By contrast, the utilization of OCL in contemporary modelling tools lags behind, suggesting that leverage of OCL remains limited in practice. We consider this undeserved, and present a scheme for partially evaluating OCL expressions that allows one to capitalize on given OCL specifications for a wide...
Ontology Matching is a process to find correspondences between semantically related entities of two ontologies. Most matching systems do evaluation by comparing the correspondences with reference alignment. Since 2010 another method has been used to measure a logic-based of correspondence or mapping, called incoherent mapping measurement. The more incoherent of the mapping the lower quality of mapping...
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