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We propose an efficient method to estimate source power spectral densities (PSDs) in a multi-source reverberant environment using a spherical microphone array. The proposed method utilizes the spatial correlation between the spherical harmonics (SH) coefficients of a sound field to estimate source PSDs. The use of the spatial cross-correlation of the SH coefficients allows us to employ the method...
Soundfield analysis based on spherical harmonic decomposition has been widely used in various applications. However, a major drawback of this method is the requirement of spherical or alternate 3D array geometries, which are often considered to be bulky. Recently, the design of a 2D planar microphone array capable of capturing 3D spatial soundfields was proposed. This design utilizes omnidirectional...
Isothermal aging of lead-free Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder joints leads to growth of intermetallic (IMC) particles in the solder bulk as well as growth of intermetallic layers at the joint interfaces with copper bond pads. Fracturing near the interfacial IMC layers is often found to be the primary reason for failures caused by drop impacts. The IMCs in SAC joints are primarily AgsSn and Cu6Sn5 binary compounds...
In many acoustic environments, we frequently observe that sound fields caused by desired and undesired sources superimpose each other and form a mixed sound field in the region. Hence, in acoustic signal processing applications, such as sound field recording, speech dereverberation and noise suppression, it is of a great interest to separate the desired sound field from the undesired ones. In this...
Any sound field caused by one or more sound sources takes the form of an interior, exterior or a mixed sound field based on the source locations. The recording and reproduction of interior or exterior sound fields in terms of harmonic decomposition has been extensively studied in the literature, however the challenging task of separating them in a mixed field remains largely unexplored. But in nature,...
In this study, at first, thin films of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co−3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanocomposites were prepared by adding 1–3 wt % grafted halloysite nanotubes (G‐HNTs). Jute‐PHBV bio‐nanocomposites were then fabricated using these films and chemically treated jute fibers in a compression mold machine. The effect of treatment and modification on jute fiber and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs),...
Reliable lead free solders are needed for products exposed to extreme environments such as those used in the automotive, avionics, and oil-exploration industries, as well as in military applications. In this study, stress-strain curves have been measured for several doped Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder materials at high temperatures up to 200 °C, and their performances have been compared to those for standard...
Lead free solder materials are susceptible to significant creep deformations in harsh high temperature environments including automotive, avionics, military, and oil exploration applications. In addition, dramatic degradations will occur in the creep responses of lead free solder alloys when they are exposed to long term isothermal aging during product applications at high temperatures. Such degradations...
From the 1950s until 1979 malaria control in Afghanistan was implemented through a vertical programme managed by the government, but little of the original programme remained functional by the early 1990s. Delivery of basic health care including malaria diagnosis and treatment was done by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and UN agencies, which organised cross-border operations from Pakistan and...
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